3D Systems - Wikipedia

3D Systems, headquartered in Rock Hill, South Carolina, is a company that engineers, manufactures, and sells 3D printers, 3D printing materials, 3D scanners ... 3DSystems FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch 3DSystemsCorporationTypePublicTradedasNYSE: DDDS&P600componentIndustryTechnologyFoundedValencia,California,U.S.(1986 (1986))HeadquartersRockHill,SouthCarolinaLittleton,ColoradoLawrenceburg,TennesseeWilsonville,OregonSeattle,Washington,UnitedStatesAreaservedWorldwideKeypeopleJeffGraves(President&CEO)ChuckHull(CTO)AndrewM.Johnson(CLO)Products3DPrintersStereolithography(SLA)SystemsSelectiveLaserSintering(SLS)Systems,DirectMetalPrinting(DMP)SystemsFusedDepositionModeling(FDM)SystemsFigure4Standalone&ModularEngineeredMaterialsServicesSLA,SLS,DMP,FDM,CNC,InjectionMolding,InvestmentCasting,SheetMetal,Figure4,MedicalGradePrototypes,AppearanceModels,Low-VolumeMassProductionRevenueUS$646.84million(2017)[1]OperatingincomeUS$-65.32million(2017)[1]NetincomeUS$-66.19million(2017)[1]TotalassetsUS$896.76million(2017)[1]TotalequityUS$615.95million(2017)[1]Numberofemployees2,666(2017)Website3dsystems.com 3DSystems,headquarteredinRockHill,SouthCarolina,isacompanythatengineers,manufactures,andsells3Dprinters,3Dprintingmaterials,3Dscanners,andoffersa3Dprintingservice.ChuckHull,theCTOandformerpresident,pioneeredstereolithographyandobtainedapatentforthetechnologyin1986.[2]Thecompanycreatesproductconceptmodels,precisionandfunctionalprototypes,masterpatternsfortooling,aswellasproductionpartsfordirectdigitalmanufacturing.Itusesproprietaryprocessestofabricatephysicalobjectsusinginputfromcomputer-aideddesignandmanufacturingsoftware,or3Dscanningand3Dsculptingdevices.[3] 3DSystems'technologiesandservicesareusedinthedesign,development,andproductionstagesofmanyindustries,includingaerospace,automotive,healthcare,dental,entertainment,anddurablegoods.Thecompanyoffersarangeofprofessional-andproduction-grade3Dprintersaswellassoftware,materials,andtheonlinerapidpartprintingserviceOnDemand.[4]Itisnotablewithinthe3DprintingindustryfordevelopingstereolithographyandtheSTLfileformat. Asof2020,3DSystemsemployedover2400peoplein25officesworldwide.[5] Contents 1History 2Technology 3Productsandpatents 4Applicationsandindustries 5Facilitiesandemployees 6Communityinvolvementandpartnerships 7Seealso 8References 9Externallinks History[edit] 3DSystemswasfoundedinValencia,CaliforniabyChuckHull,theinventorandpatent-holderofthefirststereolithography(SLA)rapidprototypingsystem.PriortoHull'sintroductionofSLArapidprototyping,conceptmodelsrequiredextensivetimeandmoneytoproduce.TheinnovationofSLAreducedtheseresourceexpenditureswhileincreasingthequalityandaccuracyoftheresultingmodel.EarlySLAsystemswerecomplexandcostly,andrequiredextensiveredesignbeforeachievingcommercialviability.Primaryissuesconcernedhydrodynamicandchemicalcomplications.In1996,theintroductionofsolid-statelaserspermittedHullandhisteamtoreformulatetheirmaterials.Engineersintransportation,healthcare,andconsumerproductshelpedfuelearlyphasesof3DSystems'rapidprototypingresearchanddevelopment.Theseindustriesremainkeyfollowersof3DSystems'technology. Inlate2001,3DSystemsbegananacquisitionsprogramthatexpandedthecompany'stechnologythroughownershipofsoftware,materials,printers,andprintablecontent,aswellasaccesstotheskillsofengineersanddesigners.Therateof3DSystems'acquisitions(16in2011)raisedsomeeyebrowswithregardtothetaskfacingthecompany'smanagementteam.Otheronlookerspointedtotheencompassingscopeoftheacquisitionsasindicatingcalculatedstepsby3DSystemstoconsolidatethe3Dprintingindustryunderoneroofandlogo,tobecomeacomprehensiveone-stop-shopcapableofservicingeachlinkinthescan/create-to-printchain.[6][unreliablesource?] In2003,HullwassucceededbyAviReichental.[7]BothReichentalandHullarelistedamongthetoptwentymostinfluentialpeopleinrapidtechnologiesbyTCTMagazine.[8]Hullremainsanactivememberof3DSystems'boardandservesasthecompany'sChiefTechnologyOfficerandExecutiveVicePresident.[9]In2005,3DSystemsrelocateditsheadquarterstoRockHill,SouthCarolina,citingafavorablebusinessclimate,asustainedlowercostofdoingbusiness,andsignificantinvestmentandtaxbenefitsasreasonsforthemove.[10] InMay2011,3DSystemstransferredfromNASDAQ(TDSC)totheNewYorkStockExchange(DDD).In2012,aGrayWolfReportpredicted3DSystems'rateofgrowthtobeunsustainable,pointingtoinflatedimpressionsfromacquisitionsasacorporatemisstatementoforganicgrowth.3DSystemsrespondedtothisarticleonNovember19,2012,claimingitto"containmateriallyfalsestatementsanderroneousconclusionsthatwebelievedefamedthecompanyanditsreputationandresultedinlossestoourshareholders."[11] InJanuary2014itwasannouncedthat3DSystemshadacquiredtheBurbank,CA-basedcollectiblescompanyGentleGiantLTD.[12]GentleGiantLtd.designs,develops,andmanufacturesthree-dimensionalrepresentationsofcharactersfromavarietyoffranchisepropertieswithworldwidenamerecognition,includingStarWars,TheMatrix,HarryPotter,TheSimpsons,HellboyAnimated,DisneyDragonkind,AnimatedPiratesoftheCaribbean,LordoftheRings,RedStar,Terminator,CharlieandtheChocolateFactoryandCorpseBride.GentleGiantLtd.producesawiderangeofproductsincludingminibusts,statues,Bust-Ups,actionfigures,12"figuresandmodels.[citationneeded] InJuly2014,3DSystemsannouncedanacquisitionofIsraelimedicalimagingcompanySimbionixforUS$120,000,000.[13] InSeptember2014,3DSystemsacquiredtheBelgiancompanyLayerWise.Thetermsoftheacquisitionwerenotdisclosedbythecompanies.[14]ThecompanyisbasedinLeuven,atowninBelgiumclosetoBrussels.Itisaprincipalproviderofservicesintheareaofdirectmetal3Dprintingandmanufacturing.Thecompanywasaspin-offoftheKULeuven.[15]ThetakeoveraddedBelgiumtothelistofcountrieswhere3DSystemshasactivelocations. InJanuary2015,3DSystemsacquiredthe3DprintermanufacturerbotObjects,thefirstcompanytocommercializeafull-colorprinterusingthefuseddepositionmodelingtechnique.[16]botObjectswasfoundedbyMartinWarner(CEO)andMikeDuma(CTO).[17]botObjectscreatedadesktop3DprinterfortheconsumerwhichusedFusedfilamentfabricationtocreatefull-color3Dprinting.botObjects'proprietary5-colorCMYKWcartridgesystem[18]couldgeneratecolorcombinationsandgradientsbymixingprimaryprintingcolors.[17]TherewassomeskepticismaboutbotObjects'claims.[19] InApril2015,3DSystemsannounceditacquiredtheEasywayGroupofcompaniesinChina,creating3DSystemsChina.EasywayisaChinese3DprintingsalesandserviceproviderwithkeyoperationsinShanghai,Wuxi,Beijing,GuangdongandChongqing.[20] InOctober2015,ReichentalsteppeddownasthepresidentandCEOof3DSystems,Inc.andwasreplaced,onaninterimbasis,bythecompany'sChiefLegalOfficerAndrewJohnson.[21] OnApril4,2016,the3DSystemsboardappointedVyomeshJoshi(VJ)asPresidentandCEO.[22] OnMay14,2020,the3DSystemsboardnamedJeffGravesasPresidentandCEO,effectiveMay26.[23] Technology[edit] 3DSystemsmanufacturesstereolithography(SLA),selectivelasersintering(SLS)color-jetprinting(CJP),fuseddepositionmodeling(FDM),multi-jetprinting(MJP)anddirectmetalprinting(DMP).Eachtechnologytakesdigitalinputfromthree-dimensionaldatatocreatethree-dimensionalpartsthroughanadditive,layer-by-layerprocess.Thesystemsvaryintheirmaterials,printcapacitiesandapplications. Stereolithography,orSLA,wasinventedby3DSystems’founderChuckHull.Stereolithographydescribesthemethodandapparatusformakingsolidobjectsinavatofliquidphotopolylmerusingultravioletcurablematerialandalasertotracethedigitaldesign.SLAsystemsprintwithsupportsandareadvantageousduetothespeedandpossiblesizeofprints(sizedependsonthebuildvolumeoftheparticularmachine).SLAsystemscanalsorapidlymanufacturepartsofdifferentgeometriesatthesametimeandaredesignedtoproduceprototypes,patternsorend-usepartsofversatilesizesandapplications.SLApartsarestrongenoughtobemachinedandcanbeusedasmasterpatternsforinjectionmolding,thermoforming,blowmoldingandvariousmetalcastingprocesses. Selectivelasersintering,orSLS,isanadditivemanufacturingtechniquethatusesahighpowerlasertofusesmallparticlestogether.Materialoptionsarewide,includingplastic,metal,ceramic,nylon,polystreneorglasspowders.Inmanycases,SLSisanefficientprocessbecauselargenumbersofpartscanbeprintedinonesession.SLSdoesnotrequireanysupportstructures,aspartsaresurroundedbyunsinteredpowderatalltimes. Colorjetprintingusesinkjettechnologytodepositaliquidbinderacrossabedofpowder.Powderisreleasedandspreadwitharollertoformeachnewlayer.ThistechnologywasoriginallydevelopedbyZCorporation.[24] Fuseddepositionmodelingishandledby3DSystems'hobbyistlevelprinterline.Theseprintersuseaheatedextrudertodepositathermoplasticalongcomplextoolpaths,onelayeratatime.Agoodvisualmodelofthisisusingahotglueguntobuilda3dmodel.Thehotgluegun(ahandpoweredextruder)wouldhavetobuildthingsonelayeratatime,depositingastringroughlythewidthoftheextruderorifice.Oncealayerhascooledandhardened,thenextlayercanbebuiltuntilthemodeliscomplete.FDMlimitationsincludetime(itmusttravelalongcomplextoolpaths),color(onlyonecolorcanbeprintedatatime),anddurability(inter-layeradhesionisanalogoustoacoldsolder).Thisisgenerallytheleastexpensivetypeofprinteravailable. Multi-Jetprintingreferstotheprocessofdepositingliquidphotopolymersontoabuildsurfaceusinginkjettechnology.Highresolutionisattainablewithasupportmaterialthatcanbeeasilyremovedinpostprocessing.UnlikeFDM,thesepartsaregenerallytoobrittleforsnap-fits.However,lowerdurometer(softer)partsarepossiblewithnewermodelMJPprinters.Thisallowstheusertocreaterubberyorhardplasticpartsformorediverseapplications. DirectMetalSinteringreferstothe3DSystemsmetalprintingprocess.Thisprocessspreadsfinepowdersofdiversemetalalloysoutontoaprintbed,andfusesgeometriestogetherusinganoverheadlaserbeam.Thistechnologyisusedprimarilyinmedicalandaerospaceapplications,wherelowvolumesofuniqueandcomplexmodelsareneeded. Productsandpatents[edit] Aspartof3DSystems'efforttoconsolidate3Dprintingunderonelogo,itsproductsspanarangeof3Dprintersandprintproductstotargetusersofitstechnologiesacrossindustries.3DSystemsoffersbothprofessionalandproductionprinters.Inadditiontoprinters,3DSystemsofferscontentcreationsoftwareincludingreverseengineeringsoftwareandorganic3Dmodelingsoftware.Followingarazorsandbladesbusinessmodel,3DSystemsoffersmorethanonehundredmaterialstobeusedwithitsprinters,includingwaxes,rubber-likematerials,metals,composites,plasticsandnylons.[25] 3DSystemsisaclosed-sourcecompany,usingin-housetechnologiesforproductdevelopmentandpatentstoprotectthesetechnologiesfromcompetitors.Criticsoftheclosed-sourcemodelhaveblamedseeminglyslowdevelopmentandinnovationin3Dprintingnotonalackoftechnology,butonalackofopeninformationsharingwithintheindustry.[26]Supportersoftheclosedsourcemodelarguethattherighttopatentsinspiresandmotivateshigher-qualityinnovations,leadingtoabetterandmoreimpressivefinalproduct. InNovember2012,3DSystemsfiledalawsuitagainstprosumer3DprintercompanyFormlabsandtheKickstartercrowdfundingwebsiteoverFormlabsattempttofundaprinterwhichitclaimedinfringeditspatenton“Simultaneousmultiplelayercuringinstereolithography.”[27]ThelegalprocedurelastedmorethantwoyearsandwassignificantenoughforNetflixtoaddittoitsdocumentaryabout3Dprintingcalled"PrinttheLegend".[28][29] 3DSystemshasappliedforpatentsforthefollowinginnovationsandtechnologies:therapidprototypingandmanufacturingsystemandmethod;radiationcurablecompositionsusefulinimageprojectionsystems;compensationofactinicradiationintensityprofilesfor3Dmodelers;apparatusandmethodforcoolingpartcakeinlasersintering;radiationcurablecompositionsusefulinsolidfreeformfabricationsystems;apparatusfor3Dprintingusingimagedlayers;compositionsandmethodsforselectivedepositionmodeling;edgesmoothnesswithlowresolutionprojectedimagesforuseinsolidimaging;elevatorandmethodfortiltingsolidimagebuildplatformforreducingairentrapmentandforbuildrelease;selectivedepositionmodelingmethodsforimprovedsupport-objectinterface;region-basedsupportsforpartsproducedbysolidfreeformfabrication;additivemanufacturingmethodsforimprovedcurlcontrolandsidewallquality;supportandbuildmaterialandapplications.[30] Applicationsandindustries[edit] 3DSystems’productsandservicesareusedacrossindustriestoassist,eitherinpartorinfull,thedesign,manufactureand/ormarketingprocesses.3DSystems'technologiesandmaterialsareusedforprototypingandtheproductionoffunctionalend-useparts,inadditiontofast,precisedesigncommunication.Current3DSystems-reliantindustriesincludeautomotive,aerospaceanddefense,architecture,dentalandhealthcare,consumergoodsandmanufacturing. Examplesofindustry-specificapplicationsinclude: Aerospace,forthemanufactureandtoolingofcomplex,durableandlighter-weightflightparts Architecture,forstructureverification,designreview,clientconceptcommunication,reversestructureengineering,andexpeditedscaledmodeling Automotive,fordesignverification,difficultvisualizations,andnewenginedevelopment Defense,forlightweightflightandsurveillancepartsandthereductionofinventorywithon-demandprinting Dentistry,forrestorations,moldsandtreatments.Invisalignorthodonticsuses3DSystems'technologies Education,forequationandgeometryvisualizationsandartschoolsanddesigninitiatives Entertainment,forthemanufactureandprototypingofactionfigures,toys,gamesandgamecomponents;printingofsustainableguitarsandbasses,multifunctionsynthesizers,etc. Healthcare,forcustomizedhearingaidsandprosthetics,improvedmedicinedeliverymethods,respiratorydevices,therapeutics,andflexibleendoscopyandlaparoscopydevicesforimprovedproceduresandrecoverytimes Manufacturing,forfasterproductdevelopmentcycles,moldproduction,prototypes,anddesigntrouble-shooting Forindustriessuchasaerospaceandautomotive,3DSystems'technologieshavereducedthetimeneededtoincorporatedesigndraftsandenabledtheproductionofmoreefficientpartsoflighterweight.Because3Dprintingbuildslayer-by-layeraccordingtodesign,itdoesnotneedtoaccommodatethetraditionalmanufacturingtoolsofsubtractivemethods,oftenresultinginlighterpartsandmoreefficientgeometries. Facilitiesandemployees[edit] In2007,thecompanyconsolidateditsoffices,operations,andresearchanddevelopmentfunctionsintoanewglobalheadquartersinRockHill,SouthCarolina,US.Abouthalfoftheheadquarters’80,000squarefeet(7,400 m2)consistofresearchanddevelopmentlaboratorieswithan18,000-square-foot(1,700 m2)RapidManufacturingCenter(RMC)with3DSystems’rapidprototyping,rapidmanufacturingand3Dprintingsystemsatwork.[31] Withcustomersin80countries,3DSystemshasover2100employeesin25worldwidelocations,includingSanFrancisco,Leuven,France,Germany,Italy,Switzerland,SouthKorea,Brazil,theUnitedKingdom,ChinaandJapan[citationneeded].Thecompanyhasmorethan359U.S.andforeignpatents.[32] In2019,thecompanyconsolidatedresourceswithinitsOnDemanddomesticrapidprintingservicelocationsintoLittletonColorado,SeattleWashington,LawrenceburgTennessee,andWilsonvilleOregon.RestructuringandadditionsweremadetotheLawrenceburglocationforfutureexpansionsandgrowthwhichnearlydoubledthefacilitysize. Communityinvolvementandpartnerships[edit] Thisarticlecontainscontentthatiswrittenlikeanadvertisement.Pleasehelpimproveitbyremovingpromotionalcontentandinappropriateexternallinks,andbyaddingencyclopediccontentwrittenfromaneutralpointofview.(October2018)(Learnhowandwhentoremovethistemplatemessage) 3DSystemsisinvolvedinamulti-yearagreementwiththeSmithsonianInstitutionaspartofaSmithsonian-wideefforttostrengthencollections'stewardshipandincreasecollectionaccessibilitythrough3Drepresentations.Thispartnershipispartofthecompany'sattempttobroadcastthecapabilitiesandapplicationsof3Dprintingwhileincreasing"thevisibilityandaccessibilityofournationaltreasures."[33] In2012,3DSystemsbeganpartneringwiththe90-year-oldScholasticArt&WritingAwardsintheFutureNewcategory.ForthisbranchoftheScholasticAwards,studentswillbechallengedtoexpressboldandinnovativeideasusingnewtechnologies.3DSystemswillofferstudentsfree3Ddesignsoftwaretofacilitatetheircreationsandwillawardthreewinnerswitha$1000scholarship.ThismoneyisinadditiontotheprizesandrecognitiongrantedwinnersbytheScholasticAwards.[34] 3DSystemsisacorporateunderwriteroftheNationalChildren'sOralHealthFoundation:America'sToothFairy(NCOHF).NCOHFprovidescommunityprogramstodelivereducational,preventativeandtreatmentoralhealthservicestochildreninat-riskpopulations.3DSystemscontributesits3Dcontent-to-printsolutionsandCubifycapabilitiestotheNCOHFeffort.[35] 3DSystemshascontributedtwoproduction-grade3DprinterstotheNationalAdditiveManufacturingInnovationInstitute(NAMII)inYoungstown,Ohio,thefirstcenterofafederalinitiativetoenhancethecompetitivenessofUSindustry.TheYoungstowninstituteisjustoneregionalhuboftheNationalNetworkforManufacturingInnovation(NNMI),whichaspirestobuild"world-classcentersforappliedresearch,technologyincubationandcommercialization"tore-localizemanufacturingandstrengthenUScompetitiveness.[36] OnFebruary18of2014,EksoBionicsdebutedthefirstever3Dprintedhybridexoskeletonroboticsuit,incollaborationwith3DSystems.[37][38] Seealso[edit] Listof3Dprintermanufacturers References[edit] ^abcde"3DSystemsCorporationAnnualReportonForm10-KfortheYearEndedDecember31,2017"(PDF).CommissionFileNo.001-34220. ^U.S.Patent4,575,330(“ApparatusforProductionofThree-DimensionalObjectsbyStereolithography”) ^"About3DSystems".3DSystems.Retrieved23November2014. ^"3DSystemsOnDemand".3DSystems.Retrieved27May2020. ^"DDD|3DSystemsCorp.Profile".MarketWatch.Retrieved2021-01-29. ^Pfeifle,Sam(10October2012)."Abriefhistoryof3DSystemsacquisitions".HeadinthePointClouds(blog).SPARPointGroup.Archivedfromtheoriginalon14March2013. ^Petch,Michael(December2,2019)."Thehypeandriseof3DprintingandAviReichental".3DPrintingIndustry.com.RetrievedDecember17,2019. ^Staff."TheTCTTop20".TCTMagazine.UnitedKingdom:RapidNewsPublications.Retrieved23November2014. ^"3DSystemsCorporation:NYSE:DDDquotes&news".GoogleFinance.OfficersandDirectors.Retrieved23November2014. ^Staff(5November2005)."California3D-TechnologyFirmToRelocateHeadquarterstoRockHill,SC".WRALTechWire.UnitedStates:CapitolBroadcastingCompany. ^Staff(19November2012)."3DSystems'CEOHostsRecentArticlesDiscussionConference(Transcript)".UnitedStates:SeekingAlpha.Note:thefirstpageofthe9pagetranscriptisavailablewithoutregistration. ^"3DSystemsAcquiresGentleGiantStudios".3January2014. ^Weinreb,Gali(31July2014)."3DSystemsacquiresSimbionixfor$120m".Globes.Israel.ArchivedfromtheoriginalonAugust2,2014. ^"3DSystemsAcquiresLayerWise,ExtendingitsGlobalLeadershipinAdvancedMetal3DPrinting,On-DemandPartsManufacturingServicesandPersonalizedMedicalDevices"(Pressrelease).3DSystems.3September2014. ^"Company".LayerWise.Retrieved17January2015. ^"3DSystemsAcquiresbotObjects"(Pressrelease).3DSystems.13January2015.Archivedfromtheoriginalon19January2015.Retrieved18January2015–viaDesktopEngineering(PeerlessMedia). ^ab"3DSystemsAcquires3DPrinterMakerbotObjectsandIntroducesCubePro®CFull-Color3DPrinter".January5,2015 ^"AnExclusiveLookAtTheBotObjectsProDesk3DColor3DPrinter".February5,2014 ^Lecher,Colin(February8,2014)."ThisFull-Color3-DPrinterSoundsTooGoodToBeTrue.IsIt?".PopularScience.BonnierCorporation.RetrievedFebruary17,2018. ^ByChrisLange,24/7WallSt.“3DSystemsHopesAcquisitioninChinaWillHelp.”April6,2015.April6,2015. ^"3DSystemsAnnouncesDepartureofPresidentandCEO"(Pressrelease).3DSystems.29October2015. ^"PrintingInnovatorandLeader,VyomeshJoshiTakesHelmas3DSystems'ChiefExecutiveOfficer"(Pressrelease).3DSystems.4April2016. ^"CEOVeteranandGlobalManufacturingLeaderJeffGravesNamedPresidentandCEOof3DSystems".finance.yahoo.com.Retrieved2020-05-15. ^"WelcomeTo3DSCentral".Archivedfromtheoriginalon2016-11-11.Retrieved2018-09-25. ^"TheNextBigThing:3DPrinting"(Video).CNBCFastMoney. ^"HowPatentsHaveHeldBack3DPrinting".31January2012. ^RobGiseburt,3DSystemsSuingFormlabsandKickstarterforPatentInfringement,Make:,21November2012. ^Netflix(9September2014)."PrinttheLegendOfficialTrailer[HD]Netflix".YouTube.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2021-12-19. ^Biggs,John(December2,2014)."3DSystemsv.FormlabsPatentLawsuitDismissed".TechCrunch. ^"TDSC-3DSystemsCorp.patents".FreshPatents.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2012-10-28.Retrieved2012-12-11. ^"3DSystems".Archivedfromtheoriginalon2016-01-15.Retrieved2014-11-25. ^"CompanyPatents".3Dsystems.com.ArchivedfromtheoriginalonApril22,2006.Retrieved2006-06-10. ^"3DSystemsPartnersWiththeSmithsonianonLandmark3DDigitizationProject"(PDF).Archivedfromtheoriginal(PDF)onDecember18,2019. ^"FutureNew-ScholasticArt&WritingAwardNewCategory".NWP.org.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2013-04-15.Retrieved2012-12-11. ^"3DSystemsJoinsNCOHF:America'sToothFairy".DentistryToday.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2012-11-06.Retrieved2012-12-11. ^"3DSystemsInvestsInU.S.Government'sAdditiveManufacturingInstitute".TCTMagazine.23October2012. ^"3DSystemsPrintsFirstHybridRoboticExoskeletonEnablingAmandaBoxteltoWalkTall"(PDF).Archivedfromtheoriginal(PDF)on2014-03-03.Retrieved2014-03-03. ^"PressReleases-EksoBionicsHoldings,Inc.(EKSO)".Eksobionics.com.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2014-04-03.Retrieved2014-08-16. Externallinks[edit] Officialwebsite Businessdatafor3DSystems:BloombergGoogleFinanceReutersSECfilingsYahoo!Finance Authoritycontrol ISNI 1 Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=3D_Systems&oldid=1091023518" Categories:1986establishmentsinCaliforniaCompanieslistedontheNewYorkStockExchange3DprintercompaniesComputer-aideddesignManufacturingcompaniesbasedinSouthCarolinaTechnologycompaniesestablishedin1986Americancompaniesestablishedin1986Manufacturingcompaniesestablishedin1986MultinationalcompaniesheadquarteredintheUnitedStatesTechnologycompaniesoftheUnitedStatesFusedfilamentfabricationRockHill,SouthCarolinaHiddencategories:AllarticleslackingreliablereferencesArticleslackingreliablereferencesfromNovember2014AllarticleswithunsourcedstatementsArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromJuly2018ArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromApril2017ArticleswithapromotionaltonefromOctober2018AllarticleswithapromotionaltoneArticleswithISNIidentifiers Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Languages العربيةDeutschفارسیFrançaisItalianoעברית日本語TiếngViệt Editlinks