Special Issue : Metabolic Processes during Seed Germination

Global climate change is currently affecting environmental conditions and changing the reproduction of plants from seeds. Disturbances in germination will cause ... Journals Topics Information ForAuthors ForReviewers ForEditors ForLibrarians ForPublishers ForSocieties ForConferenceOrganizers OpenAccessPolicy InstitutionalOpenAccessProgram SpecialIssuesGuidelines EditorialProcess ResearchandPublicationEthics ArticleProcessingCharges Awards AuthorServices Initiatives Sciforum MDPIBooks Preprints Scilit SciProfiles Encyclopedia JAMS ProceedingsSeries About Overview Contact Careers News Blog SignIn/SignUp Notice Youcanmakesubmissionstootherjournals here. clear Notice Youareaccessingamachine-readablepage.Inordertobehuman-readable,pleaseinstallanRSSreader. 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Support Findsupportforaspecificprobleminthesupportsectionofourwebsite. GetSupport Feedback Pleaseletusknowwhatyouthinkofourproductsandservices. GiveFeedback Information VisitourdedicatedinformationsectiontolearnmoreaboutMDPI. GetInformation clear SpecialIssue"MetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination" PrintSpecialIssueFlyer SpecialIssueEditors SpecialIssueInformation KeywordsPublishedPapers AspecialissueofInternationalJournalofMolecularSciences(ISSN1422-0067).Thisspecialissuebelongstothesection"MolecularPlantSciences". Deadlineformanuscriptsubmissions:closed(31December2021)|Viewedby15427 ShareThisSpecialIssue SpecialIssueEditors Prof.Dr.AlmaBalestrazzi E-Mail Website GuestEditor DepartmentofBiologyandBiotechnology‘LazzaroSpallanzani’,UniversityofPavia,viaFerrata9,27100Pavia,Italy Interests:seedgermination;DNArepair;genotoxicstress;antioxidantresponse SpecialIssues,CollectionsandTopicsinMDPIjournals SpecialIssuein Genes:DNADamageResponsesinPlants SpecialIssuein InternationalJournalofMolecularSciences:MetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination2.0 Dr.AndreaPagano E-Mail SciProfiles GuestEditor DepartmentofBiologyandBiotechnology'LazzaroSpallanzaNI',UniversityofPavia,Pavia,Italy Interests:seedgermination;seedpriming;DNAdamageresponse;metabolomics;chromatinremodeling Dr.ŁukaszWojtyla E-Mail Website SciProfiles GuestEditor DepartmentofPlantPhysiology,AdamMickiewiczUniversityinPoznan,Poznan,Poland Interests:seedgermination;seedpriming;abioticstressresponse;proteomics SpecialIssues,CollectionsandTopicsinMDPIjournals SpecialIssuein InternationalJournalofMolecularSciences:MetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination2.0 SpecialIssueInformation DearColleagues, Seeds,themainpropagatingvectorsinhigherplants,representafascinatingaswellaschallengingsubjectforresearch.ThereactivationofseedmetabolismfollowingimbibitioninvolvestheexnovosynthesisofantioxidantmoleculesandtriggersDNArepairpathwaysfromtheearlystagesofseedpre-germinativemetabolismwhilecreatingasuitablerehydratedenvironmentforenzymaticactivities.Thiscomplexpicturestillcontainsmanyknowledgegapsrelatedtotherolesofhormonesandmanyotheractorsinvolvedinseedstressresponse,includingROS-mediatedsignaling,miRNA-mediatedregulation,modulationbylongnoncodingRNA,epigeneticinformationandchromatincondensationstate.Suchacomplexlandscaperequirestheuseofintegrativeandmultilevelapproaches,aswellasdedicatedexperimentalmodels,tobeproperlyunderstood. ThisSpecialIssueaimstorevealthecurrentstateandrecentadvancementsintheunderstandingofseedmetabolismfromgenetic,epigenetic,biochemical,physiologicalandecologicalperspectives,takingintoaccountitsimplicationsforseedpreservationandqualityenhancement.Asexamples,originalcontributionsonthefollowingaspectswillbewelcomed: Controlofgerminationmediatedbydormancy:actorsandgeneticandepigeneticbackgrounds; Molecularnetworksintegratinghormonalandenvironmentalsignalsinseedgermination; Reactiveoxygenspeciesingerminationanddormancy; Pathwaysinpre-germinativemetabolism; Adaptabilityandstressresponsesinseeds; Seedvigorandgenomeintegrity; Seedpriming:molecularbasesandtechnicaladvancements; Seedlongevity:metabolicaspects; Understandingseedmetabolismtoassessseedqualityusingmultilevelapproaches. Prof.Dr.AlmaBalestrazziDr.AndreaPaganoDr.ŁukaszWojtyla GuestEditors ManuscriptSubmissionInformation Manuscriptsshouldbesubmittedonlineatwww.mdpi.combyregisteringandloggingintothiswebsite.Onceyouareregistered,clickheretogotothesubmissionform.Manuscriptscanbesubmitteduntilthedeadline.Allsubmissionsthatpasspre-checkarepeer-reviewed.Acceptedpaperswillbepublishedcontinuouslyinthejournal(assoonasaccepted)andwillbelistedtogetheronthespecialissuewebsite.Researcharticles,reviewarticlesaswellasshortcommunicationsareinvited.Forplannedpapers,atitleandshortabstract(about100words)canbesenttotheEditorialOfficeforannouncementonthiswebsite. Submittedmanuscriptsshouldnothavebeenpublishedpreviously,norbeunderconsiderationforpublicationelsewhere(exceptconferenceproceedingspapers).Allmanuscriptsarethoroughlyrefereedthroughasingle-blindpeer-reviewprocess.AguideforauthorsandotherrelevantinformationforsubmissionofmanuscriptsisavailableontheInstructionsforAuthorspage.InternationalJournalofMolecularSciencesisaninternationalpeer-reviewedopenaccesssemimonthlyjournalpublishedbyMDPI. PleasevisittheInstructionsforAuthorspagebeforesubmittingamanuscript. ThereisanArticleProcessingCharge(APC)forpublicationinthis openaccessjournal.FordetailsabouttheAPCpleaseseehere. SubmittedpapersshouldbewellformattedandusegoodEnglish.AuthorsmayuseMDPI's Englisheditingservicepriortopublicationorduringauthorrevisions. Keywords seedgermination dormancy pre-germinativemetabolism seedpriming genomeintegrity seedlongevity PublishedPapers(11papers) DownloadAllPapers Research Jumpto: Review attachment Supplementarymaterial: SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,211KiB) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle EndogenousPolyaminesandEthyleneBiosynthesisinRelationtoGerminationofOsmoprimedBrassicanapusSeedsunderSaltStress by KatarzynaLechowska,ŁukaszWojtyla,MurielQuinet,SzymonKubala,StanleyLuttsandMałgorzataGarnczarska Int.J.Mol.Sci.2022,23(1),349;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010349-29Dec2021 Viewedby600 Abstract Currently,seedprimingisreportedasanefficientandlow-costapproachtoincreasecropyield,whichcouldnotonlypromoteseedgerminationandimproveplantgrowthstatebutalsoincreaseabioticstresstolerance.Salinityrepresentsoneofthemostsignificantabioticstressesthat [...]Readmore. Currently,seedprimingisreportedasanefficientandlow-costapproachtoincreasecropyield,whichcouldnotonlypromoteseedgerminationandimproveplantgrowthstatebutalsoincreaseabioticstresstolerance.Salinityrepresentsoneofthemostsignificantabioticstressesthataltersmultipleprocessesinplants.Theaccumulationofpolyamines(PAs)inresponsetosaltstressisoneofthemostremarkableplantmetabolicresponses.ThispaperexaminedtheeffectofosmoprimingonendogenouspolyaminemetabolismatthegerminationandearlyseedlingdevelopmentofBrassicanapusinrelationtosalinitytolerance.Free,conjugatedandboundpolyamineswereanalyzed,andchangesintheiraccumulationwerediscussedwithliteraturedata.Themostremarkabledifferencesbetweenthecorrespondingosmoprimedandunprimedseedswerevisibleinthefree(spermine)andconjugated(putrescine,spermidine)fractions.TheargininedecarboxylasepathwayseemstoberesponsiblefortheaccumulationofPAsinprimedseeds.Theobviousimpactofseedprimingontyramineaccumulationwasalsodemonstrated.Moreover,thelevelofethyleneincreasedconsiderablyinseedlingsissuedfromprimedseedsexposedtosaltstress.ItcanbeconcludedthatthepolyaminesareinvolvedincreatingthebeneficialeffectofosmoprimingongerminationandearlygrowthofBrassicanapusseedlingsundersalineconditionsthroughmoderatechangesintheirbiosynthesisandaccumulation. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 attachment Supplementarymaterial: SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,816KiB) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle Genome-WideIdentificationofNACTranscriptionFactorFamilyinJuglansmandshuricaandTheirExpressionAnalysisduringtheFruitDevelopmentandRipening by XiangLi,KeweiCai,XiaonaPei,YanLi,YanboHu,FanjuanMeng,XingshunSong,MulualemTigabu,ChangjunDingandXiyangZhao Int.J.Mol.Sci.2021,22(22),12414;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212414-17Nov2021 Citedby4| Viewedby780 Abstract TheNAC(NAM,ATAFandCUC)genefamilyplaysacrucialroleinthetranscriptionalregulationofvariousbiologicalprocessesandhasbeenidentifiedandcharacterizedinmultipleplantspecies.However,genome-wideidentificationofthisgenefamilyhasnotbeenimplementedinJuglans [...]Readmore. TheNAC(NAM,ATAFandCUC)genefamilyplaysacrucialroleinthetranscriptionalregulationofvariousbiologicalprocessesandhasbeenidentifiedandcharacterizedinmultipleplantspecies.However,genome-wideidentificationofthisgenefamilyhasnotbeenimplementedinJuglansmandshurica,andspecificfunctionsofthesegenesinthedevelopmentoffruitsremainunknown.Inthisstudy,weperformedgenome-wideidentificationandfunctionalanalysisoftheNACgenefamilyduringfruitdevelopmentandidentifiedatotalof114JmNACgenesintheJ.mandshuricagenome.ChromosomallocationanalysisrevealedthatJmNACgeneswereunevenlydistributedin16chromosomes;thehighestnumberswerefoundinchromosomes2and4.Furthermore,accordingtothehomologuesofJmNACgenesinArabidopsisthaliana,aphylogenetictreewasconstructed,andtheresultsdemonstrated114JmNACgenes,whichweredividedintoeightsubgroups.FourJmNACgenepairswereidentifiedastheresultoftandemduplicates.Tissue-specificanalysisofJmNACgenesduringdifferentdevelopmentalstagesrevealedthat39and25JmNACgenesexhibitedupregulationduringthematurestageinwalnutexocarpandembryos,indicatingthattheymayservekeyfunctionsinfruitdevelopment.Furthermore,12upregulatedJmNACgeneswerecommoninfruitripeningstageinwalnutexocarpandembryos,whichdemonstratedthatthesegeneswerepositivelycorrelatedwithfruitdevelopmentinJ.mandshurica.ThisstudyprovidesnewinsightsintotheregulatoryfunctionsofJmNACgenesduringfruitdevelopmentinJ.mandshurica,therebyimprovingtheunderstandingofcharacteristicsandevolutionoftheJmNACgenefamily. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 attachment Supplementarymaterial: SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,241KiB) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle Hydro-ElectroHybridPrimingPromotesCarrot(DaucuscarotaL.)SeedGerminationbyActivatingLipidUtilizationandRespiratoryMetabolism by ShuoZhao,DanielGarcia,YingleiZhaoandDanfengHuang Int.J.Mol.Sci.2021,22(20),11090;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222011090-14Oct2021 Citedby1| Viewedby846 Abstract Carrot(DaucuscarotaL.)iswidelycultivatedasoneofthemostimportantrootcrops,anddevelopinganeffectivepresowingtreatmentmethodcanpromotethedevelopmentofmodernmechanizedprecisionsowing.Inthepresentstudy,anovelseedprimingtechnology,namedhydro-electro [...]Readmore. Carrot(DaucuscarotaL.)iswidelycultivatedasoneofthemostimportantrootcrops,anddevelopinganeffectivepresowingtreatmentmethodcanpromotethedevelopmentofmodernmechanizedprecisionsowing.Inthepresentstudy,anovelseedprimingtechnology,namedhydro-electrohybridpriming(HEHP),wasusedtopromotethegerminationofcarrotseeds.SeedgerminationexperimentsshowedthatHEHPwasabletoincreasethegerminationindex(GI)andvigorindex(VI)by3.1-foldand6.8-fold,respectively,andtheeffectwassignificantlysuperiortothatofhydro-priming(HYD)andelectrostaticfieldtreatment(EF).Theconsumptionandutilizationrateofseedstoragereserveswerealsogreatlyimproved.Meanwhile,bothglyoxysomesandmitochondriawerefoundtoappearaheadoftimeintheendospermcellsofHEHPthroughobservationsofthesubcellularstructureoftheendosperm.Activitiesofisocitratelyase(ICL),NAD-dependentmalatedehydrogenase(MDH),pyruvatekinase(PK),andalcoholdehydrogenase(ADH)weresignificantlyincreasedbyHEHP.Fromtranscriptomeresults,KyotoEncyclopediaofGenesandGenomes(KEGG)pathwaysrelatedtotheglyoxylatecycle,glycolysis,gluconeogenesis,andthecitratecycleweresignificantlyenrichedandreal-timequantitativePCR(qRT-PCR)analysisconfirmedtheexpressionpatternof15criticaldifferentiallyexpressedgenes(DEGs)inthesepathways.AllDEGsencodingMDH,phosphoenolpyruvatecarboxykinase(PEPCK),andPKwereupregulatedinHEHP;thus,itisreasonabletoinferthatthetransformationofmalate,oxalacetate,phosphoenolpyruvate,andpyruvateinthecytoplasmmaybepivotalfortheenergysupplyduringearlygermination.TheresultssuggestthattheoptimaleffectofHEHPisachievedbyinitiatingstoredlipidutilizationandrespiratorymetabolismpathwaysrelatedtogermination. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 attachment Supplementarymaterial: SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,995KiB) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle ProbingtheEnergeticMetabolismofRestingCystsunderDifferentConditionsfromMolecularandPhysiologicalPerspectivesintheHarmfulAlgalBlooms-FormingDinoflagellateScrippsiellatrochoidea by FengtingLi,AoaoYang,ZhangxiHu,SihengLin,YunyanDengandYingZhongTang Int.J.Mol.Sci.2021,22(14),7325;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22147325-07Jul2021 Citedby2| Viewedby821 Abstract Energeticmetabolismisessentialinmaintainingtheviabilityofallorganisms.Restingcystsplayimportantrolesintheecologyofdinoflagellates,particularlyforharmfulalgalblooms(HABs)-causativespecies.However,theenergeticmetabolismunderlyingthegerminationpotencymaintenanceofrestingcystsofdinoflagellatehave [...]Readmore. Energeticmetabolismisessentialinmaintainingtheviabilityofallorganisms.Restingcystsplayimportantrolesintheecologyofdinoflagellates,particularlyforharmfulalgalblooms(HABs)-causativespecies.However,theenergeticmetabolismunderlyingthegerminationpotencymaintenanceofrestingcystsofdinoflagellatehavebeenextremelyscarceinstudiesfromphysiologicaland,particularly,molecularperspectives.Therefore,weusedthecosmopolitanScrippsiellatrochoideaasarepresentativeofHABs-formingandcyst-producingdinoflagellatesinthisworktoobtainnovelinsightsintothemolecularmechanisms,regulatingtheenergeticmetabolismindinoflagellaterestingcysts,underdifferentphysicalcondition.Asthestartingstep,weestablishedacDNAsubtractivelibraryviasuppressionsubtractivehybridization(SSH)technology,fromwhichwescreenedanincompletesequencefortheβsubunitofATPsynthasegene(β-F1-ATPase),akeyindicatorforthestatusofcell’senergeticmetabolism.Thefull-lengthcDNAofβ-F1-ATPasegenefromS.trochoidea(Stβ-F1-ATPase)wasthenobtainedviarapidamplificationofcDNAends(RACE)(Accession:MZ343333).Ourreal-timeqPCRdetections,invegetativecellsandrestingcyststreatedwithdifferentphysicalconditions,revealedthat(1)theexpressionofStβ-F1-ATPaseinrestingcystswasgenerallymuchlowerthanthatinvegetativecells,and(2)theStβ-F1-ATPaseexpressionsintherestingcystsunderdarkness,loweredtemperature,andanoxia,andduringanextendeddurationofdormancy,weresignificantlylowerthanthatincystsundertheconditionnormallyusedforculture-maintaining(a12hlight:12hdarkcycle,21°C,aerobic,andnewlyharvested).Ourdetectionsoftheviability(viaNeutralRedstaining)andcellularATPcontentofrestingcysts,attheconditionscorrespondingtotheabovementionedtreatments,showedthatboththeviabilityandATPcontentdecreasedrapidlywithin12handthenmaintainedatlowlevelswithinthe4-dayexperimentationunderallthethreeconditionsapplied(4°C,darkness,andanoxia),whicharewellinaccordancewiththemeasurementsofthetranscriptionofStβ-F1-ATPase.Theseresultsdemonstratedthattheenergyconsumptionofrestingcystsreachesalow,butsomehowstable,levelwithinashorttimeperiodandisloweratlowtemperature,darkness,andanoxiathanthatatambienttemperature.Ourworkprovidesanimportantbasisforexplainingthatrestingcystssurvivelong-termdarknessandlowtemperatureinmarinesedimentsfrommolecularandphysiologicallevels. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle TheEffectofExogenousApplicationofQuercetinDerivativeSolutionsontheCourseofPhysiologicalandBiochemicalProcessesinWheatSeedlings by MartaJańczak-Pieniążek,DagmaraMigut,TomaszPiechowiak,JanBuczekandMaciejBalawejder Int.J.Mol.Sci.2021,22(13),6882;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136882-26Jun2021 Citedby1| Viewedby907 Abstract Quercetin,classifiedasaflavonoid,isastrongantioxidantthatplaysasignificantroleintheregulationofphysiologicalprocessesinplants,whichisparticularlyimportantinthecaseofbioticandabioticstresses.Thestudyinvestigatedtheeffectoftheuseof [...]Readmore. Quercetin,classifiedasaflavonoid,isastrongantioxidantthatplaysasignificantroleintheregulationofphysiologicalprocessesinplants,whichisparticularlyimportantinthecaseofbioticandabioticstresses.Thestudyinvestigatedtheeffectoftheuseofpotassiumquercetinsolutionsinvariousconcentrations(0.5%,1.0%,3.0%and5.0%)onthephysiologicalandbiochemicalpropertiesofwheatseedlings.Apotexperimentwascarriedoutinordertodeterminethemostbeneficialdoseofthisflavonoidactingasabio-stimulantforwheatplants.Sprayingwithquercetinderivativesolutionswasperformedtwice,andphysiologicalmeasurements(chlorophyllcontentandfluorescenceaswellasgasexchange)werecarriedoutonthefirstandseventhdaysaftereachapplication.Thetotalphenoliccompoundscontentandthetotalantioxidantcapacitywerealsodetermined.Itwasshownthattheconcentrationsofpotassiumquercetinappliedhaveastimulatingeffectonthecourseofphysiologicalprocesses.Inthecaseofmostofthetestedphysiologicalparameters(chlorophyllcontentandfluorescenceandgasexchange)andthetotalantioxidantcapacity,nosignificantdifferenceswereobservedintheirincreaseasaresultofapplicationwithconcentrationsof3.0and5.0%.Therefore,thebeneficialeffectofquercetinontheanalysedparametersisalreadyobservedwhensprayingwithaconcentrationof3.0%. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 attachment Supplementarymaterial: SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,30575KiB) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle Enriched-GWASandTranscriptomeAnalysistoRefineandCharacterizeaMajorQTLforAnaerobicGerminationToleranceinRice by HediaTnani,DmytroChebotarov,RanjitaThapa,JohnCarlosI.Ignacio,WalterK.Israel,FergieA.Quilloy,ShalabhDixit,EndangM.SeptiningsihandTobiasKretzschmar Int.J.Mol.Sci.2021,22(9),4445;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094445-24Apr2021 Citedby3| Viewedby1968 Abstract Toleranceofanaerobicgermination(AG)isakeytraitinthedevelopmentofdirectseededrice.Throughrapidandsustainedcoleoptileelongation,AGtoleranceenablesrobustseedlingestablishmentunderfloodedconditions.PreviousattemptstofinemapandcharacterizeAG2(qAG7.1),a [...]Readmore. Toleranceofanaerobicgermination(AG)isakeytraitinthedevelopmentofdirectseededrice.Throughrapidandsustainedcoleoptileelongation,AGtoleranceenablesrobustseedlingestablishmentunderfloodedconditions.PreviousattemptstofinemapandcharacterizeAG2(qAG7.1),amajorcentromere-spanningAGtoleranceQTL,derivedfromtheindicavarietyMa-ZhanRed,havefailed.Here,anovelapproachof“enrichedhaplotype”genome-wideassociationstudybasedontheMa-ZhanRedhaplotypeintheAG2regionwassuccessfullyusedtonarrowdownAG2frommorethan7Mbtolessthan0.7Mb.TheAG2peakregioncontained27genes,includingtheRcgene,responsibleforredpericarpdevelopmentinpigmentedrice.ThroughcomparativevariantandtranscriptomeanalysisbetweenAGtolerantdonorsandsusceptibleaccessionsseveralcandidategenespotentiallycontrollingAG2wereidentified,amongthemseveralregulatorygenes.Genome-widecomparativetranscriptomeanalysissuggesteddifferentialregulationofsugarmetabolism,particularlytrehalosemetabolism,aswellasdifferentialregulationofcellwallmodificationandchloroplastdevelopmenttobeimplicatedinAGtolerancemechanisms. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination) ►▼ ShowFigures Graphicalabstract attachment Supplementarymaterial: SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,58200KiB) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle AtFAHD1a:ANewPlayerInfluencingSeedLongevityandDormancyinArabidopsis? by DavideGerna,ErwannArc,MaxHolzknecht,ThomasRoach,PidderJansen-Dürr,AlexanderK.H.WeissandIlseKranner Int.J.Mol.Sci.2021,22(6),2997;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22062997-15Mar2021 Citedby3| Viewedby1345 Abstract Fumarylacetoacetatehydrolase(FAH)proteinsformasuperfamilyfoundinArchaea,Bacteria,andEukaryota.However,fewfumarylacetoacetatehydrolasedomain(FAHD)-containingproteinshavebeenstudiedinMetazoaandtheirroleinplantsremainselusive.SequencealignmentsrevealedhighhomologybetweentwoArabidopsisthalianaFAHD-containingproteins [...]Readmore. Fumarylacetoacetatehydrolase(FAH)proteinsformasuperfamilyfoundinArchaea,Bacteria,andEukaryota.However,fewfumarylacetoacetatehydrolasedomain(FAHD)-containingproteinshavebeenstudiedinMetazoaandtheirroleinplantsremainselusive.SequencealignmentsrevealedhighhomologybetweentwoArabidopsisthalianaFAHD-containingproteinsandhumanFAHD1(hFAHD1)implicatedinmitochondrialdysfunction-associatedsenescence.TranscriptsoftheclosesthFAHD1orthologueinArabidopsis(AtFAHD1a)peakduringseedmaturationdrying,whichinfluencesseedlongevityanddormancy.Here,ahomologystudywasconductedtoassessifAtFAHD1acontributestoseedlongevityandvigour.WefoundthatanA.thalianaT-DNAinsertionalline(Atfahd1a-1)hadextendedseedlongevityandshallowerthermo-dormancy.Comparedtothewildtype,metaboliteprofilingofdryAtfahd1a-1seedsshowedthattheconcentrationsofseveralaminoacids,somereducingmonosaccharides,andδ-tocopheroldropped,whereastheconcentrationsofdehydroascorbate,itscatabolicintermediatethreonicacid,andascorbateaccumulated.Furthermore,theredoxstateoftheglutathionedisulphide/glutathionecoupleshiftedtowardsamorereducingstateindrymatureAtfahd1a-1seeds,suggestingthatAtFAHD1aaffectsantioxidantredoxpoiseduringseeddevelopment.Insummary,AtFAHD1aappearstobeinvolvedinseedredoxregulationandtoaffectseedqualitytraitssuchasseedthermo-dormancyandlongevity. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 attachment Supplementarymaterial: SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,3342KiB) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle TheRiceSmallAuxin-UpRNAGeneOsSAUR33RegulatesSeedVigorviaSugarPathwayduringEarlySeedGermination by JiaZhao,WenjunLi,ShanSun,LilingPeng,ZhiboHuang,YongqiHeandZhoufeiWang Int.J.Mol.Sci.2021,22(4),1562;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041562-04Feb2021 Citedby8| Viewedby1461 Abstract Seedvigoraffectsseedgerminationandseedlingemergence,andthereforeisanimportantagronomictraitinrice.Smallauxin-upRNAs(SAURs)functioninarangeofdevelopmentalprocesses,buttheirroleinseedvigorremainsunclear.Here,weobservedthatdisruption [...]Readmore. Seedvigoraffectsseedgerminationandseedlingemergence,andthereforeisanimportantagronomictraitinrice.Smallauxin-upRNAs(SAURs)functioninarangeofdevelopmentalprocesses,buttheirroleinseedvigorremainsunclear.Here,weobservedthatdisruptionofOsSAUR33resultedinreducedgerminationratesandlowseeduniformityinearlygermination.ExpressionofOsSAUR33washigherinmaturegrainsandearlygerminatingseeds.RNA-seqanalysisrevealedthatOsSAUR33modulatedseedvigorbyaffectingthemobilizationofstoredreservesduringgermination.DisruptionofOsSAUR33increasedthesolublesugarcontentindrymaturegrainsandseedsduringearlygermination.OsSAUR33interactedwiththesucrosenon-fermenting-1-relatedproteinkinaseOsSnRK1A,aregulatorofthesugarsignalingpathway,whichinfluencestheexpressionofsugarsignaling-relatedgenesduringgermination.DisruptionofOsSAUR33increasedsugar-sensitivephenotypesinearlygermination,suggestingOsSAUR33likelyaffectsseedvigorthroughthesugarpathway.OneelitehaplotypeofOsSAUR33associatedwithhigherseedvigorwasidentifiedmainlyinindicaaccessions.ThisstudyprovidesinsightintotheeffectsofOsSAUR33onseedvigorinrice. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 Review Jumpto: Research get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessReview SeedDormancyandPre-HarvestSproutinginRice—AnUpdatedOverview by Soo-InSohn,SubramaniPandian,ThamilarasanSenthilKumar,YedomonAngeBovysZoclanclounon,PandiyanMuthuramalingam,JayabalanShilpha,LakkakulaSatishandManikandanRamesh Int.J.Mol.Sci.2021,22(21),11804;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111804-30Oct2021 Citedby4| Viewedby1415 Abstract Pre-harvestsproutingisacriticalphenomenoninvolvingthegerminationofseedsinthemotherplantbeforeharvestunderrelativehumidconditionsandreduceddormancy.Asitresultsinreducedgrainyieldandquality,itisacommonproblemforthefarmerswhohave [...]Readmore. Pre-harvestsproutingisacriticalphenomenoninvolvingthegerminationofseedsinthemotherplantbeforeharvestunderrelativehumidconditionsandreduceddormancy.Asitresultsinreducedgrainyieldandquality,itisacommonproblemforthefarmerswhohavecultivatedthericeandwheatacrosstheglobe.Cropyieldsneedtobesteadilyincreasedtoimprovethepeople’sabilitytoadapttorisksastheworld’spopulationgrowsandnaturaldisastersbecomemorefrequent.Toimprovethequalityofgrainandtoavoidpre-harvestsprouting,aclearunderstandingofthecropsshouldbeknownwiththeuseofmolecularomicsapproaches.Meanwhile,pre-harvestsproutingisacomplicatedphenomenon,especiallyinrice,andphysiological,hormonal,andgeneticchangesshouldbemonitored,whichcanbemodifiedbyhigh-throughputmetabolicengineeringtechniques.Theintegrationofthesedataallowsthecreationoftailoredbreedinglinessuitableforvariousdemandsandregions,anditiscrucialforincreasingthecropyieldsandeconomicbenefits.Inthisreview,wehaveprovidedanoverviewofseeddormancyanditsregulation,themajorcausesofpre-harvestsprouting,andalsounraveledthenovelavenuestobattlepre-harvestsproutingincerealswithspecialreferencetoriceusinggenomicsandtranscriptomicapproaches. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessReview RegulationofSeedDormancyandGerminationMechanismsinaChangingEnvironment by EwelinaA.KlupczyńskaandTomaszA.Pawłowski Int.J.Mol.Sci.2021,22(3),1357;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031357-29Jan2021 Citedby10| Viewedby1763 Abstract Environmentalconditionsarethebasisofplantreproductionandarethecriticalfactorscontrollingseeddormancyandgermination.Globalclimatechangeiscurrentlyaffectingenvironmentalconditionsandchangingthereproductionofplantsfromseeds.Disturbancesingerminationwillcausedisturbancesinthediversity [...]Readmore. Environmentalconditionsarethebasisofplantreproductionandarethecriticalfactorscontrollingseeddormancyandgermination.Globalclimatechangeiscurrentlyaffectingenvironmentalconditionsandchangingthereproductionofplantsfromseeds.Disturbancesingerminationwillcausedisturbancesinthediversityofplantcommunities.Modelsdevelopedforclimatechangescenariosshowthatsomespecieswillfaceasignificantdecreaseinsuitablehabitatarea.Dormancyisanadaptivemechanismthataffectstheprobabilityofsurvivalofaspecies.Theabilityofseedsofmanyplantspeciestosurviveuntildormancyrecedesandmeettherequirementsforgerminationisanadaptivestrategythatcanactasabufferagainstthenegativeeffectsofenvironmentalheterogeneity.Theinfluenceoftemperatureandhumidityonseeddormancystatusunderlinestheneedtounderstandhowchangingenvironmentalconditionswillaffectseedgerminationpatterns.Knowledgeoftheseprocessesisimportantforunderstandingplantevolutionandadaptationtochangesinthehabitat.Thenetworkofgenescontrollingseeddormancyundertheinfluenceofenvironmentalconditionsisnotfullycharacterized.Integratingresearchtechniquesfromdifferentdisciplinesofbiologycouldaidunderstandingofthemechanismsoftheprocessescontrollingseedgermination.Transcriptomics,proteomics,epigenetics,andotherfieldsprovideresearcherswithnewopportunitiestounderstandthemanyprocessesofplantlife.Thispaperfocusesonpresentingtheadaptationmechanismofseeddormancyandgerminationtothevariousenvironments,withemphasisontheirprospectiverolesinadaptationtothechangingclimate. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMetabolicProcessesduringSeedGermination) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessReview DesiccationToleranceastheBasisofLong-TermSeedViability by GalinaSmolikova,TatianaLeonova,NataliaVashurina,AndrejFrolovandSergeiMedvedev Int.J.Mol.Sci.2021,22(1),101;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010101-24Dec2020 Citedby16| Viewedby1538 Abstract Desiccationtoleranceappearedasthekeyadaptationfeatureofphotoautotrophicorganismsforsurvivalinterrestrialhabitats.Duringthefurtherevolution,vascularplantsdevelopedcomplexanatomystructuresandmolecularmechanismstomaintainthehydratedstateofcellenvironmentandsustaindehydration.However,therole [...]Readmore. Desiccationtoleranceappearedasthekeyadaptationfeatureofphotoautotrophicorganismsforsurvivalinterrestrialhabitats.Duringthefurtherevolution,vascularplantsdevelopedcomplexanatomystructuresandmolecularmechanismstomaintainthehydratedstateofcellenvironmentandsustaindehydration.However,theroleofthegenesencodingthemechanismsbehindthisadaptivefeatureofterrestrialplantschangedwiththeirevolution.Thus,inhighervascularplantsitisrestrictedtoprotectionofspores,seedsandpollenfromdehydration,whereasthematurevegetativestagesbecamesensitivetodesiccation.Duringmaturation,orthodoxseedsloseupto95%ofwaterandsuccessfullyenterdormancy.Thisfeatureallowsseedsmaintainingtheirviabilityevenunderstronglyfluctuatingenvironmentalconditions.Themechanismsbehindthedesiccationtoleranceareactivatedatthelateseedmaturationstageandareassociatedwiththeaccumulationoflateembryogenesisabundant(LEA)proteins,smallheatshockproteins(sHSP),non-reducingoligosaccharides,andantioxidantsofdifferentchemicalnature.ThemainregulatorsofmaturationanddesiccationtoleranceareabscisicacidandproteinDOG1,whichcontrolthenetworkoftranscriptionfactors,representedbyLEC1,LEC2,FUS3,ABI3,ABI5,AGL67,PLATZ1,PLATZ2.ThisnetworkiscomplementedbyepigeneticregulationofgeneexpressionviamethylationofDNA,post-translationalmodificationsofhistonesandchromatinremodeling.Thesefineregulatorymechanismsalloworthodoxseedsmaintainingdesiccationtoleranceduringthewholeperiodofgerminationuptothestageofradicleprotrusion.Thistimepoint,inwhichseedslosedesiccationtolerance,iscriticalforthewholeprocessofseeddevelopment. 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