Particulate Matter (PM) Basics | US EPA
文章推薦指數： 80 %
Particulate matter contains microscopic solids or liquid droplets that are so small that they can be inhaled and cause serious health problems. Skiptomaincontent Officialwebsitesuse.gov A.govwebsitebelongstoanofficialgovernmentorganizationintheUnitedStates. Secure.govwebsitesuseHTTPS Alock(LockAlockedpadlock)orhttps://meansyou’vesafelyconnectedtothe.govwebsite.Sharesensitiveinformationonlyonofficial,securewebsites. ParticulateMatter(PM)Pollution ContactUs ParticulateMatter(PM)Basics OnThisPage: WhatisPM,andhowdoesitgetintotheair? WhataretheharmfuleffectsofPM? Whatisbeingdonetoreduceparticlepollution? HowcanIreducemyexposuretoPM? WhatisPM,andhowdoesitgetintotheair? SizecomparisonsforPMparticles PMstandsforparticulatematter (alsocalledparticlepollution): thetermforamixtureofsolidparticlesandliquiddropletsfoundintheair.Someparticles,suchasdust,dirt,soot,orsmoke,arelargeordarkenoughtobeseenwiththenakedeye.Othersaresosmalltheycanonlybedetectedusinganelectronmicroscope.Particlepollutionincludes: PM10 : inhalable particles, withdiametersthataregenerally10micrometersandsmaller;and PM2.5 : fineinhalableparticles, withdiametersthataregenerally2.5micrometersandsmaller. Howsmallis2.5micrometers?Thinkaboutasinglehairfromyourhead.Theaveragehumanhairisabout70micrometersindiameter–makingit30timeslargerthanthelargestfineparticle. SourcesofPMTheseparticlescomeinmanysizesandshapesandcanbemadeupofhundredsofdifferentchemicals.Someare emitteddirectlyfromasource,suchasconstructionsites,unpavedroads,fields,smokestacksorfires.Mostparticles formintheatmosphereasaresultofcomplexreactions ofchemicalssuchassulfurdioxide andnitrogenoxides,whicharepollutants emittedfrompowerplants,industriesandautomobiles.WhataretheHarmfulEffectsofPM?Particulatemattercontainsmicroscopicsolidsorliquiddropletsthataresosmallthattheycanbeinhaled andcauseserioushealthproblems.Someparticleslessthan10micrometersindiametercangetdeepintoyourlungsandsomemayevengetintoyourbloodstream.Ofthese,particleslessthan2.5micrometersindiameter,alsoknownasfineparticlesorPM2.5,posethegreatestrisktohealth.Fineparticlesarealsothemaincauseofreducedvisibility(haze)inpartsoftheUnitedStates,includingmanyofourtreasurednationalparksandwildernessareas.LearnmoreabouthealthandenvironmentaleffectsWhatisBeingDonetoReduce ParticlePollution?EPAregulatesinhalableparticles.Particlesofsandandlargedust,whicharelargerthan10micrometers, arenotregulatedbyEPA. EPA’snationalandregionalrulestoreduceemissionsofpollutantsthatformPMwillhelpstateandlocalgovernmentsmeettheAgency’snationalairqualitystandards. LearnabouthowairqualitystandardshelpreducePM.HowCanI ReduceMyExposuretoPM?YoucanuseairqualityalertstoprotectyourselfandotherswhenPMreachesharmfullevels:AirNow: EverydaytheAirQualityIndex(AQI)tellsyouhowcleanorpollutedyouroutdoorairis,alongwithassociatedhealtheffectsthatmaybeofconcern.TheAQItranslatesairqualitydataintonumbersandcolorsthathelppeopleunderstandwhentotakeactiontoprotecttheirhealth. GotoAboutAirNowtolearnhowyoucangetAQInotifications. Alsolearnhowthe AirQualityFlagProgramcanhelpairagencies,schools,andothercommunityorganizationstonotifytheircitizensofharmfulconditionsandadjustoutdoorphysicalactivitiesasneeded. ContactUstoaskaquestion,providefeedback,orreportaproblem. LastupdatedonJuly18,2022
延伸文章資訊
- 1particulate matter - 粒狀物質 - 國家教育研究院雙語詞彙
出處/學術領域, 英文詞彙, 中文詞彙. 學術名詞 化學名詞-高中以下化學名詞, particulate matter, 懸浮微粒. 學術名詞 藥學, particulate matter, 微...
- 2PARTICULATE在劍橋英語詞典中的解釋及翻譯
Studies have linked exposure to particulates in air pollution with increased risk for heart disea...
- 3Particle Pollution | Air - CDC
Particle pollution — also called particulate matter (PM) — is made up of particles (tiny pieces) ...
- 4Inhalable Particulate Matter and Health (PM2.5 and PM10)
What is Particulate Matter? Airborne particulate matter (PM) is not a single pollutant, but rathe...
- 5particulate中文(繁體)翻譯：劍橋詞典
It suggests that their role in the release of nutrients from particulates may be essential for ep...
