Java應用伺服器之tomcat部署 - IT人

一、相關術語簡介首先我們來了解下tomcat是什麼，tomcat是apache軟體基金會中的一個專案，由apache、Sun 和其他一些公司及個人共同開發而成。

Togglenavigation IT人 IT人 Java應用伺服器之tomcat部署 1874發表於 2020-07-15 Java Tomcat 　　一、相關術語簡介 　　首先我們來了解下tomcat是什麼，tomcat是apache軟體基金會中的一個專案，由apache、Sun和其他一些公司及個人共同開發而成。

主要作用是提供servlet和jsp類庫；tomcat是一個免費開源的web伺服器，它和nginx、httpd服務不同的是，它不擅長處理HTML程式碼，更多的是處理JSP程式；有點類似fpm服務專門處理php程式； 　　jdk：java開發工具箱（JavaDevelopmentKit ），主要提供java開發相關工具包，庫檔案以及jre和jvm相關元件，可以理解為java程式語言的一個基礎標準庫環境相關元件包和開發公具相關元件。

　　jre：java執行時環境（Javaruntimeenvironment），該軟體主要提供執行Java程式的環境；我們可以理解jre就是jvm和一些標準類庫組成的一個Java程式執行環境； 　　提示：從上面的圖可以瞭解到JDK包含JRE，JRE包含jvm； 　　jvm：Java虛擬機器（Javavirtualmachine）主要作用是讓Java程式實現跨平臺，我們可以理解Java虛擬機器的作用就是在轉換不同作業系統底層的API；這樣一來Java程式設計師就直接面向jvm提供的API進行程式設計，從而不用考慮其他作業系統底層API的不同；如下圖 　　提示：從上圖就可以瞭解到jvm的重要性，它可以實現程式設計師一次編碼，到處執行，正是jvm解決了底層作業系統不同API問題，使得java程式可以在任何具有jvm的裝置上執行； 　　二、JDK安裝 　　1、oraclejdk安裝 　　oraclejdk是oracle官方提供的一個jdk，安裝我們可以直接去官方下載對應版本的包，到本地伺服器即可；官方下載地址https://www.oracle.com/cn/java/technologies/javase-downloads.html； 　　提示：我這裡是提前下載好了的，上面官方地址還需要註冊挺麻煩的；下載好rpm，然後直接使用yum安裝即可 [[email protected]java]#yuminstall./jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm Loadedplugins:fastestmirror Examining./jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm:2000:jdk1.8-1.8.0_211-fcs.x86_64 Marking./jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpmtobeinstalled ResolvingDependencies -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagejdk1.8.x86_642000:1.8.0_211-fcswillbeinstalled -->FinishedDependencyResolution DependenciesResolved ==================================================================================================== PackageArchVersionRepositorySize ==================================================================================================== Installing: jdk1.8x86_642000:1.8.0_211-fcs/jdk-8u211-linux-x64297M TransactionSummary ==================================================================================================== Install1Package Totalsize:297M Installedsize:297M Isthisok[y/d/N]:y Downloadingpackages: Runningtransactioncheck Runningtransactiontest Transactiontestsucceeded Runningtransaction Installing:2000:jdk1.8-1.8.0_211-fcs.x86_641/1 UnpackingJARfiles... tools.jar... plugin.jar... javaws.jar... deploy.jar... rt.jar... jsse.jar... charsets.jar... localedata.jar... Verifying:2000:jdk1.8-1.8.0_211-fcs.x86_641/1 Installed: jdk1.8.x86_642000:1.8.0_211-fcs Complete! [[email protected]java]# 　　提示：當然直接使用rpm-ivh也是可以直接安裝的，這個jdk幾乎沒有依賴關係，所以可以直接通過rpm安裝；通常有依賴關係的包建議還是使用yum去解決依賴關係； 　　檢視jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm生成的檔案 [[email protected]java]#rpm-qpi./jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm warning:./jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm:HeaderV3RSA/SHA256Signature,keyIDec551f03:NOKEY Name:jdk1.8 Epoch:2000 Version:1.8.0_211 Release:fcs Architecture:x86_64 InstallDate:(notinstalled) Group:Development/Tools Size:311820630 License:https://java.com/bc_license Signature:RSA/SHA256,Tue02Apr201912:06:57AMEDT,KeyID72f97b74ec551f03 SourceRPM:jdk1.8-1.8.0_211-fcs.src.rpm BuildDate:Mon01Apr201911:55:52PMEDT BuildHost:java.com Relocations:/usr/java Vendor:OracleCorporation URL:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/overview/index.html Summary:JavaPlatformStandardEditionDevelopmentKit Description: TheJavaPlatformStandardEditionDevelopmentKit(JDK)includesboth theruntimeenvironment(Javavirtualmachine,theJavaplatformclasses andsupportingfiles)anddevelopmenttools(compilers,debuggers, toollibrariesandothertools). TheJDKisadevelopmentenvironmentforbuildingapplications,applets andcomponentsthatcanbedeployedwiththeJavaPlatformStandard EditionRuntimeEnvironment. [[email protected]java]#rpm-qljdk1.8 /usr /usr/java /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64 /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java/.systemPrefs /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java/.systemPrefs/.system.lock /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java/.systemPrefs/.systemRootModFile /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java/init.d /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java/init.d/jexec /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/COPYRIGHT /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/LICENSE /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/README.html /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME-JAVAFX.txt /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME.txt /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/bin /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/bin/ControlPanel /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/bin/appletviewer /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/bin/extcheck ……省略部分內容 　　提示：下載好的rpm包安裝後，如果要查詢其對應安裝了那些檔案，我們首先要知道它的名稱是什麼，用rpm-qpi命令可以檢視到對應名稱，然後我們再通過rpm-ql檢視對應名稱的軟體安裝生成了那些檔案；從上面的資訊可以看到jdk1.8生成的檔案都在/usr/java/目錄下； 　　提示：從上面的截圖可以瞭解到在/usr/java/目錄下有兩個軟連線，default預設指向了latest這個軟連線，latest軟連線指向了jdk1.8；這意味著jdk可以同時存在多個版本，我們只需要把對應軟連線修改了即可更新到新的版本；這裡需要提醒下，如果多版本並存的情況，我們可以使用alternatives工具來切換； 　　alternatives工具多版本相互切換 　　切換前，預設使用1.8.0.211版本 [[email protected]java]#alternatives--configjava Thereis1programthatprovides'java'. SelectionCommand ----------------------------------------------- *+1/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/jre/bin/java Entertokeepthecurrentselection[+],ortypeselectionnumber:1 [[email protected]java]#alternatives--install/usr/bin/javajava/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/bin/java2 [[email protected]java]#alternatives--configjava Thereare2programswhichprovide'java'. SelectionCommand ----------------------------------------------- *+1/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/jre/bin/java 2/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/bin/java Entertokeepthecurrentselection[+],ortypeselectionnumber:2 [[email protected]java]#java-version javaversion"1.7.0_79" Java(TM)SERuntimeEnvironment(build1.7.0_79-b15) JavaHotSpot(TM)64-BitServerVM(build24.79-b02,mixedmode) [[email protected]java]#alternatives--configjava Thereare2programswhichprovide'java'. SelectionCommand ----------------------------------------------- *1/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/jre/bin/java +2/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/bin/java Entertokeepthecurrentselection[+],ortypeselectionnumber:1 [[email protected]java]#java-version javaversion"1.8.0_211" Java(TM)SERuntimeEnvironment(build1.8.0_211-b12) JavaHotSpot(TM)64-BitServerVM(build25.211-b12,mixedmode) [[email protected]java]# 　　提示：可以看到可以根據自己需要來回切換jdk的版本；到此oraclejdk的安裝就完成了； 　　2、openjdk安裝 [[email protected]_node01~]#yuminstalljava-1.8.0-openjdk Loadedplugins:fastestmirror base|3.6kB00:00:00 docker-ce-stable|3.5kB00:00:00 epel|4.7kB00:00:00 extras|2.9kB00:00:00 updates|2.9kB00:00:00 (1/4):epel/x86_64/updateinfo|1.0MB00:00:00 (2/4):extras/7/x86_64/primary_db|205kB00:00:00 (3/4):updates/7/x86_64/primary_db|3.0MB00:00:01 (4/4):epel/x86_64/primary_db|6.8MB00:00:01 Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile *base:mirror.bit.edu.cn *extras:mirror.bit.edu.cn *updates:mirror.bit.edu.cn ResolvingDependencies -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagejava-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_641:1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8willbeinstalled -->ProcessingDependency:java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless(x86-64)=1:1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:xorg-x11-fonts-Type1forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:libjvm.so(SUNWprivate_1.1)(64bit)forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8.x86_64 ……省略部分內容 Installed: java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_641:1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8 DependencyInstalled: atk.x86_640:2.28.1-2.el7 cairo.x86_640:1.15.12-4.el7 copy-jdk-configs.noarch0:3.3-10.el7_5 cups-libs.x86_641:1.6.3-43.el7 fribidi.x86_640:1.0.2-1.el7_7.1 gdk-pixbuf2.x86_640:2.36.12-3.el7 giflib.x86_640:4.1.6-9.el7 graphite2.x86_640:1.3.10-1.el7_3 gtk-update-icon-cache.x86_640:3.22.30-5.el7 gtk2.x86_640:2.24.31-1.el7 harfbuzz.x86_640:1.7.5-2.el7 hicolor-icon-theme.noarch0:0.12-7.el7 jasper-libs.x86_640:1.900.1-33.el7 java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_641:1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8 javapackages-tools.noarch0:3.4.1-11.el7 jbigkit-libs.x86_640:2.0-11.el7 libICE.x86_640:1.0.9-9.el7 libSM.x86_640:1.2.2-2.el7 libXcomposite.x86_640:0.4.4-4.1.el7 libXcursor.x86_640:1.1.15-1.el7 libXdamage.x86_640:1.1.4-4.1.el7 libXext.x86_640:1.3.3-3.el7 libXfixes.x86_640:5.0.3-1.el7 libXft.x86_640:2.3.2-2.el7 libXi.x86_640:1.7.9-1.el7 libXinerama.x86_640:1.1.3-2.1.el7 libXrandr.x86_640:1.5.1-2.el7 libXrender.x86_640:0.9.10-1.el7 libXtst.x86_640:1.2.3-1.el7 libXxf86vm.x86_640:1.1.4-1.el7 libfontenc.x86_640:1.1.3-3.el7 libglvnd.x86_641:1.0.1-0.8.git5baa1e5.el7 libglvnd-egl.x86_641:1.0.1-0.8.git5baa1e5.el7 libglvnd-glx.x86_641:1.0.1-0.8.git5baa1e5.el7 libthai.x86_640:0.1.14-9.el7 libtiff.x86_640:4.0.3-32.el7 libwayland-client.x86_640:1.15.0-1.el7 libwayland-server.x86_640:1.15.0-1.el7 libxshmfence.x86_640:1.2-1.el7 lksctp-tools.x86_640:1.0.17-2.el7 mesa-libEGL.x86_640:18.3.4-7.el7_8.1 mesa-libGL.x86_640:18.3.4-7.el7_8.1 mesa-libgbm.x86_640:18.3.4-7.el7_8.1 mesa-libglapi.x86_640:18.3.4-7.el7_8.1 pango.x86_640:1.42.4-4.el7_7 pcsc-lite-libs.x86_640:1.8.8-8.el7 pixman.x86_640:0.34.0-1.el7 python-javapackages.noarch0:3.4.1-11.el7 python-lxml.x86_640:3.2.1-4.el7 ttmkfdir.x86_640:3.0.9-42.el7 tzdata-java.noarch0:2020a-1.el7 xorg-x11-font-utils.x86_641:7.5-21.el7 xorg-x11-fonts-Type1.noarch0:7.5-9.el7 DependencyUpdated: glib2.x86_640:2.56.1-5.el7libdrm.x86_640:2.4.97-2.el7 Complete! [[email protected]_node01~]# 　　提示：安裝openjdk使用yum安裝需要注意命名，通常是java-版本號-openjdk；到此openjdk就安裝好了，後續的版本切換也可以使用alternatives命令來切換即可和oraclejdk使用沒有特別的不同；除了以上方式安裝，當然我們也可以去下載二進位制包，直接展開就可以，二進位制包安裝需要注意建立環境變數檔案；好了安裝jdk就不過多闡述了；接下來我們就可以安裝tomcat了； 　　三、tomcat安裝 [[email protected]_node01~]#yuminfotomcat Loadedplugins:fastestmirror Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile *base:mirror.bit.edu.cn *extras:mirror.bit.edu.cn *updates:mirror.bit.edu.cn AvailablePackages Name:tomcat Arch:noarch Version:7.0.76 Release:12.el7_8 Size:92k Repo:updates/7/x86_64 Summary:ApacheServlet/JSPEngine,RIforServlet3.0/JSP2.2API URL:http://tomcat.apache.org/ License:ASL2.0 Description:TomcatistheservletcontainerthatisusedintheofficialReference :ImplementationfortheJavaServletandJavaServerPagestechnologies. :TheJavaServletandJavaServerPagesspecificationsaredevelopedby :SunundertheJavaCommunityProcess. : :Tomcatisdevelopedinanopenandparticipatoryenvironmentand :releasedundertheApacheSoftwareLicenseversion2.0.Tomcatisintended :tobeacollaborationofthebest-of-breeddevelopersfromaroundtheworld. [[email protected]_node01~]# 　　提示：可以看到在updates倉庫中有tomcat包，但是版本有點低，如果想要安裝新一點的包，可以去官網下載對應包安裝即可；官網地址：http://tomcat.apache.org/； [[email protected]_node01~]#yuminstalltomcat-y Loadedplugins:fastestmirror Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile *base:mirror.bit.edu.cn *extras:mirror.bit.edu.cn *updates:mirror.bit.edu.cn ResolvingDependencies -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagetomcat.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8willbeinstalled -->ProcessingDependency:tomcat-lib=7.0.76-12.el7_8forpackage:tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch -->ProcessingDependency:apache-commons-poolforpackage:tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch -->ProcessingDependency:apache-commons-loggingforpackage:tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch -->ProcessingDependency:apache-commons-dbcpforpackage:tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch -->ProcessingDependency:apache-commons-daemonforpackage:tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch -->ProcessingDependency:apache-commons-collectionsforpackage:tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch -->Runningtransactioncheck ……省略部分內容 Installed: tomcat.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 DependencyInstalled: apache-commons-collections.noarch0:3.2.1-22.el7_2 apache-commons-daemon.x86_640:1.0.13-7.el7 apache-commons-dbcp.noarch0:1.4-17.el7 apache-commons-logging.noarch0:1.1.2-7.el7 apache-commons-pool.noarch0:1.6-9.el7 avalon-framework.noarch0:4.3-10.el7 avalon-logkit.noarch0:2.1-14.el7 ecj.x86_641:4.5.2-3.el7 geronimo-jms.noarch0:1.1.1-19.el7 geronimo-jta.noarch0:1.1.1-17.el7 javamail.noarch0:1.4.6-8.el7 log4j.noarch0:1.2.17-16.el7_4 tomcat-el-2.2-api.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 tomcat-jsp-2.2-api.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 tomcat-lib.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 tomcat-servlet-3.0-api.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 xalan-j2.noarch0:2.7.1-23.el7 xerces-j2.noarch0:2.11.0-17.el7_0 xml-commons-apis.noarch0:1.4.01-16.el7 xml-commons-resolver.noarch0:1.2-15.el7 Complete! [[email protected]_node01~]# 　　檢視tomcat包安裝所生成的檔案 [[email protected]_node01~]#rpm-qltomcat /etc/logrotate.d/tomcat /etc/sysconfig/tomcat /etc/tomcat /etc/tomcat/Catalina /etc/tomcat/Catalina/localhost /etc/tomcat/catalina.policy /etc/tomcat/catalina.properties /etc/tomcat/conf.d /etc/tomcat/conf.d/README /etc/tomcat/context.xml /etc/tomcat/log4j.properties /etc/tomcat/logging.properties /etc/tomcat/server.xml /etc/tomcat/tomcat-users.xml /etc/tomcat/tomcat.conf /etc/tomcat/web.xml /usr/bin/tomcat-digest /usr/bin/tomcat-tool-wrapper /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /usr/libexec/tomcat /usr/libexec/tomcat/functions /usr/libexec/tomcat/preamble /usr/libexec/tomcat/server /usr/sbin/tomcat /usr/share/doc/tomcat-7.0.76 /usr/share/doc/tomcat-7.0.76/LICENSE /usr/share/doc/tomcat-7.0.76/NOTICE /usr/share/doc/tomcat-7.0.76/RELEASE-NOTES /usr/share/tomcat /usr/share/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar /usr/share/tomcat/bin/catalina-tasks.xml /usr/share/tomcat/conf /usr/share/tomcat/lib /usr/share/tomcat/logs /usr/share/tomcat/temp /usr/share/tomcat/webapps /usr/share/tomcat/work /var/cache/tomcat /var/cache/tomcat/temp /var/cache/tomcat/work /var/lib/tomcat /var/lib/tomcat/webapps /var/lib/tomcats /var/log/tomcat /var/log/tomcat/catalina.out [[email protected]_node01~]# 　　提示：/etc/tomcat/是tomcat的配置檔案目錄，存放tomcat配置相關檔案；/usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service是tomcat的unitfile啟動指令碼；/var/log/tomcat/catalina.out是tomcat的日誌檔案； 　　啟動tomcat 　　提示：tomcat預設監聽在tcp的8080埠； 　　測試：用瀏覽器訪問對應伺服器上的8080埠，看看是否訪問到tomcat的預設提供的頁面？ 　　提示：可以看到用瀏覽器展示訪問不到對應頁面，提示我們404；這說明我們訪問的頁面不存在，原因是我們只安裝了tomcat的程式包，並沒有安裝任何webapp，所以對應目錄下都沒有頁面存在，所以我們現在訪問提示我們404； 　　提示：對應目錄下並沒有任何的頁面，所以我們訪問時訪問不到的； 　　安裝tomcat-webapps、tomcat-docs-webapp、tomcat-admin-webapps [[email protected]_node01~]#yuminstall-ytomcat-webappstomcat-admin-webappstomcat-docs-webapp Loadedplugins:fastestmirror Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile *base:mirror.bit.edu.cn *extras:mirror.bit.edu.cn *updates:mirror.bit.edu.cn ResolvingDependencies -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagetomcat-admin-webapps.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8willbeinstalled --->Packagetomcat-docs-webapp.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8willbeinstalled --->Packagetomcat-webapps.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8willbeinstalled -->ProcessingDependency:jakarta-taglibs-standard>=1.1forpackage:tomcat-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagejakarta-taglibs-standard.noarch0:1.1.2-14.el7_1willbeinstalled -->FinishedDependencyResolution DependenciesResolved ==================================================================================================== PackageArchVersionRepositorySize ==================================================================================================== Installing: tomcat-admin-webappsnoarch7.0.76-12.el7_8updates40k tomcat-docs-webappnoarch7.0.76-12.el7_8updates721k tomcat-webappsnoarch7.0.76-12.el7_8updates341k Installingfordependencies: jakarta-taglibs-standardnoarch1.1.2-14.el7_1base303k TransactionSummary ==================================================================================================== Install3Packages(+1Dependentpackage) Totaldownloadsize:1.4M Installedsize:5.4M Downloadingpackages: (1/4):jakarta-taglibs-standard-1.1.2-14.el7_1.noarch.rpm|303kB00:00:00 (2/4):tomcat-admin-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch.rpm|40kB00:00:00 (3/4):tomcat-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch.rpm|341kB00:00:00 (4/4):tomcat-docs-webapp-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch.rpm|721kB00:00:00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total2.7MB/s|1.4MB00:00:00 Runningtransactioncheck Runningtransactiontest Transactiontestsucceeded Runningtransaction Installing:jakarta-taglibs-standard-1.1.2-14.el7_1.noarch1/4 Installing:tomcat-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch2/4 Installing:tomcat-docs-webapp-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch3/4 Installing:tomcat-admin-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch4/4 Verifying:tomcat-admin-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch1/4 Verifying:jakarta-taglibs-standard-1.1.2-14.el7_1.noarch2/4 Verifying:tomcat-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch3/4 Verifying:tomcat-docs-webapp-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch4/4 Installed: tomcat-admin-webapps.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8tomcat-docs-webapp.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 tomcat-webapps.noarch0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 DependencyInstalled: jakarta-taglibs-standard.noarch0:1.1.2-14.el7_1 Complete! [[email protected]_node01~]# 　　檢視/usr/shar/tomcat/webapps/下是否有檔案？ 　　提示：可以看到在/usr/share/tomcat/webapps/下已經有檔案生成了，接下來我們再用瀏覽器訪問下8080埠，看看是否能夠訪問到頁面呢？ 　　提示：可以看到我們能夠正常訪問到頁面，說明tomcat環境搭建已經完成；後續我們就可以把java開發的一些jsp程式部署到tomcat上使用了； 　　官方下載tomcat部署 [[email protected]java]#wgethttps://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.57/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz --2020-07-1413:09:04--https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.57/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz Resolvingmirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn(mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)...101.6.8.193,2402:f000:1:408:8100::1 Connectingtomirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn(mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)|101.6.8.193|:443...connected. HTTPrequestsent,awaitingresponse...200OK Length:10379806(9.9M)[application/octet-stream] Savingto:‘apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz’ 100%[==========================================================>]10,379,8061.90MB/sin5.2s 2020-07-1413:09:10(1.90MB/s)-‘apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz’saved[10379806/10379806] [[email protected]java]#ls apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gzjdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpmjdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm [[email protected]java]# 　　提示：官方預設只提供了二進位制包和原始碼包，沒有rpm包，所以我們下載二進位制包解壓到對應目錄即可； [[email protected]java]#mkdir/usr/share/tomcat [[email protected]java]#tarxfapache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz-C/usr/share/tomcat [[email protected]java]#cd/usr/share/tomcat [[email protected]tomcat]#ls apache-tomcat-8.5.57 [[email protected]tomcat]# 　　建立軟連線 [[email protected]tomcat]#ln-sapache-tomcat-8.5.57tomcat [[email protected]tomcat]#ll total0 drwxr-xr-x9rootroot220Jul1413:10apache-tomcat-8.5.57 lrwxrwxrwx1rootroot20Jul1413:12tomcat->apache-tomcat-8.5.57 [[email protected]tomcat]# 　　建立tomcat使用者 [[email protected]tomcat]#useradd-rtomcat [[email protected]tomcat]#getentpasswdtomcat tomcat:x:996:992::/home/tomcat:/bin/bash [[email protected]tomcat]# 　　更改/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat屬主/組許可權為tomcat [[email protected]tomcat]#ll total124 drwxr-x---2rootroot4096Jul1413:10bin -rw-r-----1rootroot19318Jun3017:53BUILDING.txt drwx------2rootroot238Jun3017:53conf -rw-r-----1rootroot5408Jun3017:53CONTRIBUTING.md drwxr-x---2rootroot4096Jul1413:10lib -rw-r-----1rootroot57011Jun3017:53LICENSE drwxr-x---2rootroot6Jun3017:49logs -rw-r-----1rootroot1726Jun3017:53NOTICE -rw-r-----1rootroot3255Jun3017:53README.md -rw-r-----1rootroot7136Jun3017:53RELEASE-NOTES -rw-r-----1rootroot16262Jun3017:53RUNNING.txt drwxr-x---2rootroot30Jul1413:10temp drwxr-x---7rootroot81Jun3017:50webapps drwxr-x---2rootroot6Jun3017:49work [[email protected]tomcat]#chown-Rtomcat:tomcat./* [[email protected]tomcat]#ll total124 drwxr-x---2tomcattomcat4096Jul1413:10bin -rw-r-----1tomcattomcat19318Jun3017:53BUILDING.txt drwx------2tomcattomcat238Jun3017:53conf -rw-r-----1tomcattomcat5408Jun3017:53CONTRIBUTING.md drwxr-x---2tomcattomcat4096Jul1413:10lib -rw-r-----1tomcattomcat57011Jun3017:53LICENSE drwxr-x---2tomcattomcat6Jun3017:49logs -rw-r-----1tomcattomcat1726Jun3017:53NOTICE -rw-r-----1tomcattomcat3255Jun3017:53README.md -rw-r-----1tomcattomcat7136Jun3017:53RELEASE-NOTES -rw-r-----1tomcattomcat16262Jun3017:53RUNNING.txt drwxr-x---2tomcattomcat30Jul1413:10temp drwxr-x---7tomcattomcat81Jun3017:50webapps drwxr-x---2tomcattomcat6Jun3017:49work [[email protected]tomcat]# 　　新增環境變數 [[email protected]tomcat]#cat/etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh CATALINA_BASE=/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat PATH=$CATALINA_BASE/bin:$PATH exportCATALINA_BASEPATH [[email protected]tomcat]# 　　切換tomcat使用者啟動tomcat [[email protected]tomcat]#su-tomcat Lastlogin:TueJul1413:26:15EDT2020onpts/0 su:warning:cannotchangedirectoryto/home/tomcat:Nosuchfileordirectory -bash-4.2$catalina.sh--help UsingCATALINA_BASE:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat UsingCATALINA_HOME:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat UsingCATALINA_TMPDIR:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/temp UsingJRE_HOME:/ UsingCLASSPATH:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Usage:catalina.sh(commands...) commands: debugStartCatalinainadebugger debug-securityDebugCatalinawithasecuritymanager jpdastartStartCatalinaunderJPDAdebugger runStartCatalinainthecurrentwindow run-securityStartinthecurrentwindowwithsecuritymanager startStartCatalinainaseparatewindow start-securityStartinaseparatewindowwithsecuritymanager stopStopCatalina,waitingupto5secondsfortheprocesstoend stopnStopCatalina,waitinguptonsecondsfortheprocesstoend stop-forceStopCatalina,waitupto5secondsandthenusekill-KILLifstillrunning stopn-forceStopCatalina,waituptonsecondsandthenusekill-KILLifstillrunning configtestRunabasicsyntaxcheckonserver.xml-checkexitcodeforresult versionWhatversionoftomcatareyourunning? Note:Waitingfortheprocesstoendanduseofthe-forceoptionrequirethat$CATALINA_PIDisdefined -bash-4.2$catalina.shstart UsingCATALINA_BASE:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat UsingCATALINA_HOME:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat UsingCATALINA_TMPDIR:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/temp UsingJRE_HOME:/ UsingCLASSPATH:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Tomcatstarted. -bash-4.2$ss-tnl StateRecv-QSend-QLocalAddress:PortPeerAddress:Port LISTEN0128*:6033*:* LISTEN0128*:22*:* LISTEN0100127.0.0.1:25*:* LISTEN0128*:3306*:* LISTEN0128*:3306*:* LISTEN0128*:3306*:* LISTEN0128*:3306*:* LISTEN0100:::8080:::* LISTEN0128:::22:::* LISTEN0100::1:25:::* LISTEN01::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005:::* LISTEN0128:::2377:::* LISTEN0128:::7946:::* -bash-4.2$ 　　提示：啟動tomcat要使用內部的shell指令碼catalina.sh來啟動；當然startup.sh也是可以的；可以看到8080埠已經處於監聽的狀態，接下來我們用瀏覽器嘗試訪問下，看看是否能夠訪問到頁面？ 　　提示：可以看到tomcat提供的頁面我們是能夠正常訪問，說明我們安裝部署的tomcat環境就準備就緒了；到此tomcat環境安裝就部署完畢了；總結一點，部署tomcat環境，首先要安裝jdk，因為tomcat本身就是java語言編寫，我們要在伺服器上安裝好java程式執行環境和標準類庫等元件，tomcat才可以伺服器上正常的執行起來；其實從上面的演示我們大概也能知道tomcat就是為Javajsp程式提供一個執行環境，後續的jsp程式碼主要就是在tomcat上執行，而非jdk上；jdk是執行Java程式（tomcat）而必須有的元件；後續本人會持續更新有關tomcat配置使用相關的話題，感興趣的同學可以關注關注； 相關文章 SQOOP安裝部署 2020-11-22 Java泛型詳解 2020-11-22 Java vscode遠端連線伺服器進行嵌入式開發 2020-11-22 VSCode嵌入式 Java動態代理—框架中的應用場景和基本原理 2020-11-22 Java框架 leetcode動態規劃買賣股票的最佳時機含手續費java 2020-11-22 JavaLeetCode ThreadPoolExecutor原始碼分析-面試問爛了的Java執行緒池執行流程，如果要問你具體的執行細節，你還會嗎？ 2020-11-22 Java面試 流程控制與陣列—Java基礎學習（二） 2020-11-22 Java Scala與Java差異（五）之Map與Tuple 2020-11-22 Java Java之定時任務全家桶 2020-11-22 Java 靠這份面試手冊拿下京東的Java研發崗的offer，萬分感謝特此分享 2020-11-22 Java面試 leetcode【每日一題】242.有效的字母異位詞java 2020-11-22 JavaLeetCode HeadFirstJava學習筆記(7):繼承與多型 2020-11-22 Java Java學生管理系統（MVC）開源原始碼（基礎版） 2020-11-22 Java JavaScript正則學習筆記 2020-11-22 JavaScript 小白不懂就問,學自動化測試,會Java可以嗎,還是必須得會python(python不太會) 2020-11-22 PythonJava自動化測試 JavaBean重寫Object類中的方法 2020-11-22 Java 基於Java的Socket類Tcp網路程式設計實現實時聊天互動程式(一)：QQ聊天介面的搭建 2020-11-22 Java java的序列化Serializable 2020-11-22 Java k8s二進位制部署 2020-11-22 k8s 最新文章 一起看I/O|GooglePlay更新一覽 我使用SpringAOP實現了使用者操作日誌功能 7000字+24張圖帶你徹底弄懂執行緒池 [原始碼解析]TensorFlow分散式之ClusterCoordinator 密碼學之安全模型總結 熱力圖生成演算法及其具體實現 用Python畫個生日蛋糕為朋友慶生 SQL中常用的字串LEFT函式和RIGHT函式詳解！ 萬字長文，帶你輕鬆學習Spark 開源軟體ZincSearch獲360萬美元風險投資 青雲雲原生沙龍線上集結，找到屬於你的雲原生實踐之路！ 像寫部落格一樣寫程式碼，laf導致一個部門被裁