Slam dunk - Wikipedia

As of 2018, 21 dunks have been scored by 7 different WNBA players. 7 of them were scored in All-Star games, while the remaining 14 took place during the regular ... Slamdunk FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Basketballtechnique Thisarticleisaboutatypeofbasketballshot.Forotheruses,seeSlamdunk(disambiguation). TysonChandlerperforminga"slamdunk" Aslamdunk,alsosimplydunk,isatypeofbasketballshotthatisperformedwhenaplayerjumpsintheair,controlstheballabovethehorizontalplaneoftherim,andscoresbyputtingtheballdirectlythroughthebasketwithoneortwohands.[1]Itisconsideredatypeoffieldgoal;ifsuccessful,itisworthtwopoints.Suchashotwasknownasa"dunkshot"[1]untiltheterm"slamdunk"wascoinedbyformerLosAngelesLakersannouncerChickHearn.[2] Theslamdunkisusuallythehighestpercentageshot[clarificationneeded]andacrowd-pleaser.Thus,themaneuverisoftenextractedfromthebasketballgameandshowcasedinslamdunkcontestssuchastheNBASlamDunkContestheldduringtheannualNBAAll-StarWeekend.ThefirstincarnationoftheNBASlamDunkContestwasheldduringthehalf-timeofthe1976AmericanBasketballAssociationAll-StarGame. DunkingwasbannedintheNCAAandhighschoolsportsfrom1967to1976.[3][4]Manypeoplehaveattributedthistothedominanceofthethen-collegephenomenonLewAlcindor(nowknownasKareemAbdul-Jabbar);[5]theno-dunkingruleissometimesreferredtoasthe"LewAlcindorrule."[6][7]Manyothershavealsoattributedthebanashavingracialmotivations,asatthetimemostoftheprominentdunkersincollegebasketballwereAfrican-American,andthebantookplacelessthanayearafteraTexasWesternteamwithanall-blackstartinglineupbeatanall-whiteKentuckyteamtowinthenationalchampionship.[8]UnderheadcoachGuyLewis,Houston(withElvinHayes)madeconsiderableuseofthe"stuff"shotontheirwaytotheFinalFourin1967.[9] Thephrase"slamdunk"hasenteredpopularusageinAmericanEnglishoutsideofitsbasketballmeaning,torefertoa"surething":anactionwithaguaranteedoutcome,orasimilarlyimpressiveachievement.Thisisrelatedtothehighprobabilityofsuccessforaslamdunkversusothertypesofshots.Additionally,to"bedunkedon"ortoget"posterized"issometimespopularlyusedtoindicatethatapersonhasbeeneasilyembarrassedbyanother,inreferencetotheembarrassmentassociatedwithunsuccessfullytryingtopreventanopponentfrommakingadunk.Thisascensiontopopularusageisreminiscentof,forexample,thewaythatthebaseball-inspiredphrases"stepuptotheplate"and"hehititoutofthepark,"orAmericanfootball-inspiredphrasessuchas"victoryformation"or"hailMary"haveenteredpopularNorthAmericanvernacular.JoeFortenberry,playingfortheMcPhersonGlobeRefiners,dunkedtheballin1936inMadisonSquareGarden.ThefeatwasimmortalizedbyArthurDaley,PulitzerPrizewinningsportswriterforTheNewYorkTimesinanarticleinMarch1936.HewrotethatJoeFortenberryandhisteammate,WillardSchmidt,insteadofshootingupforalayup,leapedupand"pitch[ed]theballdownwardintothehoop,muchlikeacafeteriacustomerdunkingarollincoffee".[10] Contents 1Introduction 2Dunktypes 2.1DoubleClutch 2.2Tomahawk 2.3Windmill 2.4BetweentheLegs 2.5ElbowHang 3Dunkmodifiers 3.1Alley-oop 3.2Baselinedunk 3.3Fromadistance 3.3.1Freethrowline 3.3.2Other 4Effectiveness 5Notabledunks 5.1IntheNBASlamDunkContest 5.2Brokenbackboards 6Dunkinginwomen'splay 6.1Womenindunkcontests 7Useasaphrase 8References 9Externallinks Introduction[edit] Duringthe1940sand1950s,7-footcenterandOlympicgoldmedalistBobKurlandwasdunkingregularlyduringgames.[11]Yetdefendersviewedtheexecutionofaslamdunkasapersonalaffrontthatdeservedretribution;thusdefendersoftenintimidatedoffensiveplayersandthwartedthemove.SatchSanders,acareerBostonCelticfrom1960to1973,said:"...intheolddays,[defenders]wouldrununderyouwhenyouwereintheair......tryingtotakepeopleoutofgamessotheycouldn'tplay.Itwasanunwrittenrule..."[12]Still,bythelate1950sandearly1960splayerssuchasBillRussellandWiltChamberlainhadincorporatedthemoveintotheiroffensivearsenal.Atthistime,dunkingwasapracticemostcommonlyusedbythetallestandbiggestmen(usuallystandingclosetothehoop)toshowtheirreachandstrength.Thenthroughthe1970s,playerslikeDavidThompson,JuliusErvingandDarrylDawkinspopularizedthemovewithmoreathleticallyexecuteddunks(withhigh-flyingjumpsandturns).Thistransformeddunkingintothestandardfareitistoday. Dunktypes[edit] Dunktypesreflectthevariousmotionsperformedonthewaytothebasket.Theystartwiththebasicone-ortwo-handforward-facingdunkandgoonthroughvariouslevelsofathleticismandintricacy.Discretedunktypescanbemodifiedbyappendingothermoves;forexample,aplayerwhopassestheballoffthebackboard,catchesitintheair,andexecutesadouble-pumpdunkwouldbesaidtohavecompleteda"self-passoffthebackboard,doublepump". DoubleClutch[edit] Attheonsetofthejump,theballiscontrolledbyeitheroneorbothhandsandonceintheairistypicallybroughttochestlevel.Theplayerwillthenquicklythrusttheballdownwardsandfullyextendtheirarms,bringingtheballbelowthewaist.Finallytheballisbroughtabovetheheadanddunkedwithoneorbothhands;andthedoubleclutchappearsasonefluidmotion.Asademonstrationofathleticprowess,theballmaybeheldinthebelow-the-waistpositionformillisecondslonger,thusshowcasingtheplayer'shangtime(jumpingability). Whethertheresultofa180°spinorbodyangleattakeoff,thedoubleclutchisgenerallyperformedwiththeplayer'sbacktowardtherim.Whilethisorientationisratherconducivetothedoubleclutchmotion,SpudWebbwasknowntoperformthedunkwhilefacingthebasket.Additionally,Kenny"Sky"Walker,TracyMcGrady—inthe1989and2000NBAContests,respectively—andothers,haveperformed360°variationofthedoubleclutch(McGradycompletedalobself-passbeforethedunk).Circa2007,independentslamdunkerT-Dubperformedthedoubleclutchwitha540°spinwhichheconcludedbyhangingontherim.[13] Tomahawk[edit] JuliusErvingperforminga"backscratcher"tomahawkdunkin1981 ATomahawkdunkcanbeperformedwithoneortwohands,andwhentwohandsareused,itiscalledabackscratcher.Initiallyreferredtoasagorilladunk[6],thattermisuncommonnow.Duringthejump,theballisraisedabove,andoftenbehindtheplayer'sheadforawind-upbeforeslammingtheballdownintothenetattheapexofthejump.Duetotheundemandingbodymechanicsinvolvedinexecution,thetomahawkisemployedbyplayersofallsizesandjumpingabilities.[citationneeded]Becauseoftheball-securityprovidedbytheuseofbothhands,thetwo-handedtomahawkisastapleofgamesituations—frequentlyemployedinalley-oopsandinoffense-reboundput-backdunks. Inonecommonvariation,a360°spinmaybecompletedpriortoorsimultaneouslywiththetomahawk.Circa2009,independentslamdunkerTroyMcCraypioneeredanespeciallycomplexvariantofthedunk:oncethetomahawkmotioniscomplete,insteadofslammingtheballintherim,awindmilldunk(seebelow)isthenperformed.[14] Thetwo-handbackscratcherfinishcanexerttremendousforceonthebasket.In1979,DarrylDawkinstwiceshatteredNBAbackboardswithtomahawkdunksleadingtoaquickly-enactedrulemakingitanoffencetobreakthebackboard.[citationneeded]Technologyhasevolvedtoadapttotheincreasedstrengthandweightofplayerstowithstandtheforceofsuchdunks,suchasthebreakawayrim(introducedtotheNBAin1981)changestothematerialusedforthebackboards,andstrengtheningofthegoalstandardsthemselves. Windmill[edit] Beforetakeoff,orattheonsetofthejump,theballisbroughttotheabdomenandthenthewindmillmotionisstartedbymovingtheballbelowthewaistaccordingtothelengthoftheplayer'sfullyextendedarm.Thenfollowingtherotationoftheoutstretcharm,theballismovedinacircularmotion,typicallymovingfromthefronttowardstheback,andthenslammedthroughtherim.Although,duetomomentum,manyplayersareunabletopalmtheballthroughtheentirewindmillmotion,thedunkisoftencompletedwithone-handascentripetalforceallowstheplayertoguidetheballwithonlytheirdunkinghand.Insomeinstancesstickyresinsorpowdersmaybeappliedtothepalm,thesearethoughttoimprovegripandpreventlossofpossession.[15]Amongstplayers,subtlevariationsinthedirectionofthewindmilldependonbodilyorientationattakeoffandalsojumpingstyle(one-footortwo-feet)inrelationtodominanthand. Thereareanumberofvariationsonthewindmill,themostcommonbeingtheaforementionedone-ortwo-handvariants.Inthesecases,thewindmillmotionmaybeperformedwiththepreviouslydiscussedone-armtechniqueandfinishedwithone-ortwo-hands,ortheplayermaycontroltheballwithtwohands,withbotharmsperformingthewindmillmotion,finishingwithoneorbothhands.Additionally,theballmaybecuffedbetweenthehandandtheforearm—generallywiththedominanthand.Thecufftechniqueprovidesbetterballsecurity,allowingforafasterwindmillmotionandincreasedforceexertedonthebasketatfinish,witheitheroneorbothhands.Usingthecuffingmethod,playersarealsoaffordedtheopportunityofperformingthewindmillmotiontowardsthefront,atechniqueexploitedbyFrenchathleteKadourZianiwhenhepioneeredhistrademarkdouble-windmill. Occasionallyinthegamesetting,thewindmillisperformedviaalley-oopbutisrarelyseeninoffense-reboundputbackdunksduetotheairtimerequired.DominiqueWilkinspopularizedpowerfulwindmills—ingamesaswellasincontests—includingtwo-handed,self-pass,360°,rim-hang,andcombinedvariantsthereof. BetweentheLegs[edit] Forone-footedjumpers,theballisgenerallytransferredtothenon-dominanthandjustbeforeorupontake-off;fortwo-footers,thistransferisoftendelayedformillisecondsasbothhandscontroltheballtopreventdroppingit.Onceairborne,thedunkergenerallytransferstheballfromnon-dominanttodominanthandbeneatharaisedleg.Finally,theballisbroughtupwardsbythedominanthandandslammedthroughtherim. Thebetween-the-legsdunkwaspopularizedbyIsaiahRiderinthe1994NBAslamdunkcontest,[16]somuchsothatthedunkisoftencolloquiallyreferredtoasa"Riderdunk"—notwithstandingOrlandoWoolridge'sownsuchdunkintheNBAcontestadecadeearlier.[17]Sincethen,theunder-the-leghasbeenattemptedintheNBAcontestbyanumberofparticipants,andhasbeenastapleofothercontestsaswell.Itsdifficulty—duetotherequiredhand-eyecoordination,flexibility,andhang-time—keepsitgenerallyreservedforexhibitionsandcontests,notcompetitivegames.RickyDavishasmanagedtocompletethedunkinanNBAgame,[18]butbothhe[19]andJoshSmith[20]havebotchedatleastonein-gameattemptaswell. Becauseofthepossiblecombinationsofstartingandfinishinghands,andraised-legs,therearemanyvariationsonthebasicunder-the-legsdunk—moresothananyother.[21]Forexample,ina1997FrenchDunkcontest,DaliTaamallahleaptwithhisrightlegwhilecontrollingtheballwithhislefthand,andonceairbornehetransferredtheballfromhislefthand,underneathhisrightlegtohisrighthandbeforecompletingthedunk.[22]NBAstarJasonRichardsonhasalsopioneeredseveralnotablevariationsofthebetween-the-legsincludingalob-passtohimself[23]andapassoffofthebackboardtohimself.[24]IndependentathleteShane'Slam'Wiseintroducedacuffed-cradleoftheballpriortoinitiatingtheunderthelegtransferandfinishingwithtwo-hands.[25]Whileanumberofplayershavefinishedthedunkusingone-ortwo-handswiththeirbackstotherim,perhapsthemostrenownedvariantofthedunkisthecombinationwitha360°,orsimplystated:a360-between-the-legs.Duetotheathleticismandhang-timerequired,thedunkisacrowdfavoriteandisheraldedbyplayersasthepreeminentofalldunks. ElbowHang[edit] Theplayerapproachesthebasketandleapsastheywouldforagenericdunk.Insteadofsimplydunkingtheballwithoneortwohands,theplayerallowstheirforearm(s)topassthroughthebasket,hookingtheirelbowpitontherimbeforehangingforashortperiodoftime.AlthoughthedunkwasintroducedbyVinceCarterinthe2000NBASlamDunkcontest,KobeBryantwasfilmedperformingthedunktwoyearsearlierin1998atanexhibitioninthePhilippines[26]aswellasRoyHinsonwhoperformedthedunkduringwarm-upsforthe1986NBASlamDunkcontest.[27]Colloquially,thedunkhasavarietyofnamesincluding'honeydip','cookiejar',and'elbowhook'. Inthe2011NBAcontest,LosAngelesClipperspower-forwardBlakeGriffincompletedaself-passoffofthebackboardpriortoelbow-hangingontherim.Anumberofothervariantsoftheelbowhanghavebeenexecuted,includingalobself-pass,hangingbythearmpit,[28]awindmill,[29]andoveraperson.[30]MostnotablearetwovariationswhichasofJuly2012,haveyettobeduplicated.In2008,CanadianathleteJustinDarlingtonintroducedaniterationaptlyentitleda'double-elbowhang',inwhichtheplayerinsertsbothforearmsthroughtherimandsubsequentlyhangsonbothelbowspits.[31]Circa2009,FrenchathleteGuyDupuydemonstratedtheabilitytoperformabetween-the-legselbowhang;however,Guyoptednottohangontherimbyhiselbow,likelybecausethedownwardmomentcouldhaveresultedininjury.[32] Dunkmodifiers[edit] Discussedinthismoduleareactivitieswhichwhenapplied,modifyagivendunktype.Modifier-activitiesoccurpriortoleapingorwhileairborne.Modifiersperformedpriortoleapingpertaintothemannerofapproach(e.g.,locomotionorstandstill),angleofapproach(e.g.,fromthebaseline),distanceofleapfromthebasket,theadditionofapass(e.g.,alley-oop),orsomecombinationthereof.Modifiersperformedwhileairbornepertaintobodilyrotation(e.g.,360°),obstructionofownvision(e.g.,arm-over-the-eyes),otherbodilymovementssuperfluousofdunktype(e.g.,voluntarykickingofthelegs),orsomecombinationthereof.Dunktypescanalsobemodifiedwithobstructions(e.g.,leapingoveracarorperson)whichinfluenceactivitiesbothpriortoleapingandwhileairborne. Modifiersareinherenttoin-gamedunkingandconducetowardsuccessfuldunkingasameanstoscorepoints.Modifiersareimportantinthegradingofslamdunkcontestsbecausedunktypesaremademoredifficultwhenmodified(i.e.,successfullyexecutedmodified-dunksostensiblyyieldhighscoresincontests). Fortaxonomicpurposesitisanimportantdistinction,butthemodifiersdiscussedbelowareoftenconsidereddunktypesincommonparlance.Thismisconceptionisperhapsattributabletothemodifierbeingthemostsalientcomponentofthedunkfromtheperspectiveoftheobserver.However,eachdunkmodifierrequiresadunktypetobeasuccessfuldunk—albeitthemost-basicdunktype. Alley-oop[edit] KendrickNunncatchesaninboundspassfromJabariParker(farleft)withonehandandperformsanalleyoopdunk,catchingthedefenderoffguard. Analley-oopdunk,asitiscolloquiallyknown,isperformedwhenapassiscaughtintheairandthendunked.Theapplicationofanalley-ooptoaslamdunkoccursinbothgamesandcontests.Ingames,whenonlyfractionsofasecondremainonthegameorshotclock,analley-oopmaybeattemptedonin-boundpassbecauseneitherclockresumescountingdownuntilanin-boundsplayertouchestheball.Theimagestotherightdepictanintervalspanning1/5ofasecond. Baselinedunk[edit] KendallPollardperformsabaselinedunkbeforethedefendercangetinposition. Thebaselinedunkisanapproach-modifierofanydunktypeinwhichtheplayerapproachesthebasketalongthecourt-boundary(baseline)whichrunsparallelwiththebackboard.Inthegamesetting,thedunkoftencomesastheresultofapass,creatinganassistopportunityforateammate.Inthecontest,thebaselineapproachmaybeusedasameansofconvenience,facilitatingaparticulardunktype(e.g.,passesbouncedoffthesideofthebackboardoritspadding)ortoincreasethedifficultyofadunktypeinhopesofmeritinghigherscores. Fromadistance[edit] Thisisadunkwheretheplayertakesofffromadistancewhichissignificantlyfurtherawayfromthebasketthanisconsideredtypical.Thefree-throwlineismostcommonlyconstitutedasthetake-offpoint,aneffectlikelyattributedtotheeasilyobservablespanbetweenthelineandthebasketintheviewoftheTVaudience.Inordertoachievethehang-timeandaltitudenecessary,playerswillgenerallyleapfromonefoottomaximizethemomentumgeneratedfromthehalf-courtrunningstartoftenrequiredtocompletethedunk.Acornerstoneofdunkcontests,dunksfromadistancearealsoperformedingames,mostoftenonthefastbreak. Freethrowline[edit] Inthe1950s,JimPollard[33]andWiltChamberlain[34]hadbothdunkedfromthefreethrowline—15feetfromthebasket.Chamberlainwasabletodunkfromthefree-throwlinewithoutarunningstart,beginninghisforwardmovementfromwithinthetophalfofthefree-throwcircle.[34]Thiswasthecatalystforthe1956NCAArulechangewhichrequiresthatashootermaintainbothfeetbehindthelineduringafree-throwattempt.[35] Inthe1976ABASlamDunkContest,JuliusErvingdunkedafterleapingfromthefree-throwline,withhisheelontheline,andhassincebeencreditedwithintroducingthefree-throwlinedunktothegeneralpublic. Inthe1988NBASlamDunkContest,MichaelJordandunkedfromthefree-throwline,inthesamemannerasJuliusErving,butpartedhislegsmakinghisdunkmorememorablethanErving's. Inthe1990NBASlamDunkContest,ScottiePippendunkedfromthefreethrowline.ThiswasinthefirstroundandPippenreceivedascoreof47outof50forhisdunk.Pippen,however,didn'tproceedtothenextroundandthecontestwaswonbyDominiqueWilkins. Inthe1996NBASlamDunkContest,winnerBrentBarrydunkedfromthefree-throwline.Barryreceived49(outof50)forthedunk.[36] Inthe2011NBASpriteSlamDunkContest,SergeIbakadunkedfrombehindthefree-throwline,gettingascoreof45forthedunk,andfinishing4th. Inthe2016NBLPre-SeasonChallengeSlamDunkContestinAustralia'sNationalBasketballLeague,Adelaide36ers18yearoldAmericanimportplayerTerranceFergusondunkedfromjustinfrontofthefree-throw-line.[37] Inthe2016NBASlamDunkContest,ZachLaVinedunkedfromthefreethrowlineonthreeoccasions:OneHand,Windmill,andBetweentheLegs.AlloftheDunksreceivedascoreof50forthedunkandwontheDunkcontest. Other[edit] Otherinstancesofdunksfromadistanceabound.JamesWhiteinthe2006NCAASlamDunkContestsuccessfullyperformedtomahawkandwindmillvariationsofthefoul-linedunk.[38]Thoughhewasunabletocompleteabetween-the-legsfromthefoullineatthatcontest,hehasbeenknowntoexecuteitonotheroccasions.[39] Inthe2008NBASlamDunkContest,JamarioMoonleapedfromthefoul-linethen,usinghisnon-dominanthand,caughtanddunkedabounce-passfromteammateJasonKapono.[40] Independent6'2"NorthAmericanathleteEricBishopintroducedadunkentitledthe'PaintJob'.Thetitleisinreferencetothekeyonabasketballcourt,oftenknownas'paint'incommonparlance.[41]Approachingalongthebaselinewitharunningdribble,Bishopjumpedwithone-footattheborderofthekey,dunkedwithone-handwhileglidingoverthekeyandlandedjustbeyondtheborderonthesideoppositehistake-off—a16-footflight. Effectiveness[edit] Astudywascarriedoutin2015toshowtheeffectivenessofdifferentshottypes,includingslamdunks.Thestudywascarriedoutacrossfivedifferentlevelsofbasketball(NBA,EuroBasket,theSlovenian1stDivision,andtwominorleagues).Overallthestudyshowedthatslamdunkswereaveryeffectivewayofscoringinthegameofbasketball,particularlyintheNBA,whichhadthehighestdunkpercentageinthestudy.[42] Notabledunks[edit] WiltChamberlainwasknowntohavedunkedonanexperimental12-footbasketsetupbyPhogAllenattheUniversityofKansasinthe1950s.[34] MichaelWilson,aformerHarlemGlobetrotterandUniversityofMemphisbasketballplayer,matchedthisfeaton1April2000andgotintotheGuinnessWorldRecords,albeitwithanalley-oop.[43][44] VinceCarterdunkedwhileleapingover7-foot-2(2.18m)FrenchcenterFrédéricWeisinthe2000SummerOlympics.TheFrenchmediadubbedit"ledunkdelamort"—"thedunkofdeath".[45][46] Atleastoneplayerhasperformeda720degreedunk(thatis,twofullturnsintheair):TaurianFontenettealsoknownasAirUpThereduringaStreetballgame.[47] IntheNBASlamDunkContest[edit] Mainarticle:NBASlamDunkContest SeveralnotableandremarkabledunkshavebeenperformedbyparticipantsintheannualNBASlamDunkContest. SpudWebbat5 ft7 in(1.70 m)defeated6 ft8 in(2.03 m)DominiqueWilkinsinthe1986contest. MichaelJordanpopularizedadunkreferredtobysomefansasthe"Leaner".ThisdunkwassocalledbecauseJordan'sbodywasnotperpendiculartothegroundwhileperformingthedunk.TNTviewersratedit"thebestdunkofalltime"overVinceCarter'sbetween-the-legsslam.[citationneeded] Inthe2000NBASlamDunkContestCarterusedanelbowhangalongwithhisreverse360windmilldunkandbetween-the-legsdunk.Whenperformed,muchoftheaudiencewasspeechless,includingthejudges,becausenonehadseenthesetypesofdunksbefore(Carter'sfirstround360windmilldunkisreminiscentofKennyWalker's360windmilldunkin1989exceptthatCarterspinsclockwise,whereasWalkerspinscounter-clockwise). Inthe2008SpriteRisingStar'sSlamDunkContestDwightHowardperformedthe"Superman"dunk.HedonnedaSupermanoutfitasOrlandoMagicguardJameerNelsontiedacapearoundhisshoulders.Nelsonalley-oopedthebasketballasHowardjumpedfromwithinthekeysideofthefreethrowcircleline,caughttheball,andthrewitthroughtherim.Thisdunkissomewhatcontroversial,ashishandwasnotoveraswellasonaverticalplanetotherim.Someinsistthatitshouldinfactbeconsideredadunkbecausetheballwasthrustdownwardintothebasket,meetingthebasicdefinitionofthedunk. Duringthe2009NBAdunkcontest,Howardhadaseparategoalbroughtontothecourt,andtherimwasnoticeablysignificantlyhigherthanastandardgoal.Howard,aftergoingintoa1950s-eratelephoneboothandagainfashioningtheSupermanattire,caughtapassfromNelsonandeasilycompletedatwo-handeddunkonthehighergoal.Whilethiswasnotperformedforrecord-settingpurposes,thedunkreceivedaperfectscoreandawarmresponsefromthecrowd,inpartbecauseofitstheatrics.Alsointhiscontest,5'9"guardNateRobinsonworeagreenNewYorkKnicksjerseyandgreensneakerstorepresentKryptonite,playingonHoward'sSupermantheme.Heusedagreen"Kryptonite"ball,andjumpedoverthe6'11"Howardpriortodunking.ThisdunkandthetheatricscouldhavewonthecompetitionforRobinson,whowasvotedthewinnerbytheNBAfans.RobinsonthenthankedHowardforgraciouslyallowinghimtodunkoverhim,askingthecrowdtoalsogiveHowardaroundofapplause. JaValeMcGeecurrentlyholdstheworldrecordforMostBasketballDunksinaSingleJump:three.Whilecompetinginthe2011NBASpriteSlamDunkContest,McGeejumpedwithtwoballsinhispossessionanddunkedeachpriortoreceivingandslamminganalley-ooppassfromthenteammateJohnWall.[48] Brokenbackboards[edit] Mainarticle:Backboardshattering Inthepast,ithasbeenpossibleforplayerstodunkabasketballandpulltherimdownsohardthattheglassbackboardshatters,eitheraroundtherimitselfor,attimes,shatteringtheentirebackboard,ortheentiregoalstandardfails.Reinforcedbackboards,breakawayrims,andinlateryearsadesignwherethegoalismountedonthesupportarmofthestanchion,andontheglass,haveminimizedthisatthecollegelevelandmadeitextinctatprofessionallevels,butitstillhappensatlowerlevels. All-starpowerforwardGusJohnsonoftheBaltimoreBulletswasthefirstofthefamousbackboardbreakersintheNBA,shatteringthreeduringhiscareerinthe1960sandearly1970s.[49]LukeJacksonalsoshatteredabackboardin1968:ThegamewasdelayedfornearlyhalfanhourwhenPhiladelphia'sburlyLukeJacksonshatteredtheglassbackboardwhenhecamedownonthebasket,rippingitfromitsmoorings,onadrivingstuffshot.[50] DarrylDawkinsofthePhiladelphia76erswasnotoriousfortwoglass-shatteringdunksin1979resultingintheleaguethreateningtofinehimandeventuallyinstallingbreakawayrims.[51]Twiceinhisrookieseason(1992–93)duringgames,centerShaquilleO'Nealdunkedsohardthathebrokethehydraulicsupportofonegoalstandard(againstthePhoenixSuns)andbroketheweldsholdingupanothergoalstandard,causingthebaskettobreakoffandfalltothefloor(againsttheNewJerseyNets),althoughinneithercasedidtheglassbreak.Thisresultedinreinforcedbackboardsupportsaswell.Duringthatsameseason,NewJersey'sChrisMorrisshatteredabackboardinagameagainsttheChicagoBulls(themostrecentshattered-backboardincidentintheNBAtodate).TheNBAhasmadeshatteringthebackboardatechnicalfoul,althoughitwillnotcounttowardsaplayer'scountofseventhatcandrawasuspension,ortwotowardsejectionfromagame,anditcountstowardsaplayer'scountofsixpersonalfouls.Thishasassistedindeterringthisaction,asitcancosttheteampoints. IntheABA,CharlieHentzbroketwobackboardsinthesamegameon6November1970resultinginthegamebeingcalled.[52]IntheNCAA,JeromeLaneshatteredabackboardwhileplayingforPittina1988regular-seasongameagainstProvidence,andDarvinHamdidthesamewhileplayingforTexasTechinatournamentgameagainstNorthCarolinain1996. ThePremierBasketballLeaguehashadtwoslam-dunksthathaveresultedinbrokenbackboards.Bothcameconsecutivelyinthe2008and2009PBLFinals,andbothwereachievedbySammyMonroeoftheRochesterRazorsharks. Dunkinginwomen'splay[edit] SylviaFowlesisoneoffiveplayerstodunkduringaWNBAgame. Dunkingismuchlesscommoninwomen'sbasketballthaninmen'splay.Dunkingisslightlymorecommonduringpracticesessions,butmanycoachesadviseagainstitincompetitiveplaybecauseoftherisksofinjuryorfailingtoscore.[53] In1978,CardteHicksbecamethefirstwomantodunkinaprofessionalgame[54]duringamen'sprofessionalgameintheNetherlands. In1984,GeorgeannWells,a6'7"(201 cm)juniorplayingforWestVirginiaUniversity,becamethefirstwomantoscoreaslamdunkinwomen'scollegiateplay,inagameagainsttheUniversityofCharlestonon21December.[55] Asof2018,21dunkshavebeenscoredby7differentWNBAplayers.7ofthemwerescoredinAll-Stargames,whiletheremaining14tookplaceduringtheregularseasonorplayoffs.ThefirstandsecondwerescoredbyLisaLeslieoftheLosAngelesSparks,on30July2002(againsttheMiamiSol),and9July2005.OtherWNBAdunkshavebeenscoredbyMichelleSnow,CandaceParker(twice),SylviaFowles,BrittneyGriner,JonquelJones,ElenaDelleDonne,AwakKuierandLizCambage.[56] TherecordforthemostWNBAdunksbelongstoBrittneyGriner.Asahighschoolsenior,shedunked52timesin32gamesandsetasingle-gamerecordofsevendunks.[57]AsastandoutatBaylorUniversity,Grinerbecametheseventhplayertodunkduringawomen'scollegebasketballgame[58]andthesecondwomantodunktwiceinasinglecollegegame.[59]InherWNBAdebuton27May2013,Grinerdunkedtwice.Asof2018,shehas13WNBAdunks,includingthefirstinaplayoffgame(25August2014).[56][60] Atthe2012LondonOlympics,LizCambageoftheAustralianOpalsbecamethefirstwomantodunkintheOlympics,scoringagainstRussia.[61] Womenindunkcontests[edit] In2004,asahighschoolsenior,CandaceParkerwasinvitedtoparticipateintheMcDonald'sAll-AmericanGameandaccompanyingfestivitieswhereshecompetedinandwontheslamdunkcontest.[62]Insubsequentyearsotherwomenhaveenteredthecontest;thoughKelleyCain,KrystalThomas,andMayaMooreweredeniedentryintothesamecontestin2007.[63]BrittneyGrinerintendedtoparticipateinthe2009McDonald'sDunkContestbutwasunabletoattendtheeventduetotheattendancepolicyofherhighschool.[64]BreannaStewart,at6'3"(191 cm),AlexisPrince(6'2";188 cm),andBrittneySykes(5'9";175 cm)competedinthe2012contest;PrinceandSykesfailedtocompletetheirdunks,whileStewartlandedtwointhefirstroundbutmissedhersecondtwoattemptsinthefinalround.[65][66] Useasaphrase[edit] Oneofmanysportsidioms,thephrase"slamdunk"isoftenusedoutsideofbasketballtorefercolloquiallytosomethingthathasacertainoutcomeorguaranteedsuccess(a"surething").[67] References[edit] ^abMerriam-Websterreferstheterm"slamdunk"totheterm"dunkshot",whichisdefinedas"ashotinbasketballmadebyjumpinghighintotheairandthrowingtheballdownthroughthebasket".M-Wdates"slamdunk"at1972,and"dunkshot"as"circa1961". ^sportsillustrated.com,LakersannouncerHearndeadat85.Retrieved15April2007. ^"Thedunkiscomingback".EugeneRegister-Guard.(Oregon).AssociatedPress.1April1976.p. 1C. ^Doney,Ken(1April1976)."'They'lllovedunk'-Miller".LewistonMorningTribune.(Idaho).AssociatedPress.p. 2B. ^"Slamdunk:mostwelcomeit".LewistonMorningTribune.(Idaho).AssociatedPress.2April1976.p. 2B. ^time.com,Lew'sStillLoose.Retrieved15April2007. ^Caponi,Gena(1999).Signifyin(G),Sanctifyin',&SlamDunking.Amherst:UniversityofMassachusettsPress.p. 4.ISBN 978-1-55849-183-0. ^[1] ^"Houstoncagecoachadvocatesstuffshot".EugeneRegister-Guard.(Oregon).AssociatedPress.24March1967.p. 3B. ^Demirel,Evin(15February2014)."TheFirstDunkinBasketball".TheDailyBeast.Retrieved22February2019. ^Jackie,Krentzman(12February1996),Jamboree-basketball'sdunkshot;includesrelatedarticles,TheSportingNews,archivedfromtheoriginalon29June2012 ^NBAJamSession:APhotoSalutetotheNBADunk.History.Page22.1993,NBAPublishing. ^"YouTube:T-DubDunks".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved22May2012.Fast-forwardto00:09inthevideo. ^101Retro-TroyMcCray.Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved21May2012. ^"JUMPUSA.com:StickumGripPowder".Archivedfromtheoriginalon6June2012.Retrieved21May2012. ^"IsiahRider'sBetween-the-LegsDunk".Archivedfromtheoriginalon5June2010.Retrieved8July2012. ^"OrlandoWoolride ::1984between-the-legsdunk".Archivedfromtheoriginalon1June2012.Retrieved8July2012. ^"RickDavisbetweenthelegs".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved8July2012. ^"RickyDavisfaileddunk".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved8July2012. ^"JoshSmithmissesbetweenthelegsdunk".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved8July2012. ^Forbothone-andtwo-footedjumpertherearefourpossiblebetween-the-legsandfinishing-handcombinations. ^"Flying101 ::DunkEncyclopedia--Taamallah".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved8July2012. ^"JasonRichardsonLobreverseBTL".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved8July2012. ^"JasonRichardson".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved8July2012. ^"Flying101 ::DunkEncyclopedia ::CradleBTL".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved8July2012. ^"KobeBryantElbowhangdunk".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved11July2012. ^"RoyHinson-ElbowDunkPioneer(1986DunkContestWarmups)".YouTube.16February2019.Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved7November2020. ^"Armpithangingontherimdunk".Retrieved12July2012. ^"HaneefMunirWindmillElbowhang".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved11July2012. ^"KennyDobbsSlamInterview(halfwaydownpage)".Archivedfromtheoriginalon9October2011.Retrieved11July2012. ^"2008CitySlamHighlights@04:24".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved11July2012. ^"TFB ::GuyDupuydunks(@02:00)".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved11July2012. ^TheOfficialNBABasketballEncyclopedia.VillardBooks.1994.p. 49.ISBN 0-679-43293-0. ^abcOstler,Scott(12February1989)."TheLeapingLegendsofBasketball".LosAngelesTimes. ^"ThatStilt,Wilt,ResponsibleFor2RuleChanges;Kansas'ChamberlainEvenDunkedHisFoulShots",ToledoBlade,28November1956 ^1996BrentBarryDunkFromTheFreethrowLine ^TerranceFergusonWOWsAustralianNBLfansinthe2016DunkComp ^"JamesWhite06NCAASlamDunkContest".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved1December2012. ^"JamesWhitefree-throwlinebetweenthelegs@04:50".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved1December2012. ^"JamarioMoon@03:01".Archivedfromtheoriginalon1February2014.Retrieved1December2012. ^"DunkEncyclopedia ::PaintJob".Archivedfromtheoriginalon11December2021.Retrieved31December2012. ^Erčulj,F.(2015).BasketballShotTypesandShotSuccessinDifferentLevelsofCompetitiveBasketball.PLOSOne,e0128885. ^Warner,Ralph;Martinez,Jose(29February2012)."HighRisers:AthletesWiththeBestHopsinSportsHistoryMichaelWilson".Complex.Retrieved12June2019.WhilewiththeHarlemGlobetrotters,WilsonbrokearecordheldbyArizonaState'sJoeyJohnsonwhenhedunkedabasketballona12-foot-highrimonApril1,2000. ^Butler,Robbie(2001).TheHarlemGlobetrotters :Clownprincesofbasketball.Mankato,MN:CapstonePress.p. 36.ISBN 073684001X.OCLC 47045255. ^Wallace,Michael;Peterson,Rob(25September2015)."Inasinglebound:OralhistoryofVinceCarter'sgreatestdunk".ESPN.Retrieved12June2019. ^Gould,Andrew(15February2018)."ReliveVinceCarter'sIconicDunkoverFredericWeisinthe2000Olympics".BleacherReport.Retrieved12June2019. ^Video,Dunk."720Dunkby"TheAirUpThere"".NotableDunks.Retrieved14September2011. ^"Mostbasketballdunksinasinglejump".Retrieved8September2016. ^Goldaper,Sam(30April1987)."GusJohnson,Ex-N.B.A.StarwithBaltimore,isDeadat48".TheNewYorkTimes. ^MilwaukeeSentinel.12November1968.Missingorempty|title=(help) ^Bierman,Fred(4February2007)."IntheDistance,theSoundof'ChocolateThunder'".TheNewYorkTimes. ^"ARoundupOfTheSportsInformationOfTheWeek".SportsIllustrated.16November1970.Archivedfromtheoriginalon6October2008. ^Palmer,Brian(23March2012)."BelowtheRim:Whyaretheresofewdunksinwomen'sbasketball?".SlateMagazine.Retrieved25March2012. ^"PioneersCardteHicks,MusietteMcKinneyembraceLasVegasAces".LasVegasReview-Journal.Retrieved2April2018. ^wsj.com,TheFirstDunk:ASportsMilestoneinWomen'sBasketball.Retrieved9October2009. ^ab"Triple-Doubles,Dunksand20-20Games".WNBA.com-OfficialSiteoftheWNBA.Retrieved5July2019. ^[2] ^"GrinerDunksTwiceinWBB's99-18Win".Baylorbears.com.2January2010.Retrieved3April2010. ^BrittneyGrinerdunkstwice,Baylorwinsby81(video). ^"WatchBrittneyGrinerslamdownthefirstdunkinWNBAplayoffhistory".ForTheWin.25August2014.Retrieved5July2019. ^"Pagenotfound-NBCOlympics".Archivedfromtheoriginalon19September2016.Retrieved8September2016.Citeusesgenerictitle(help) ^McDonald'sAll-AmericanGame#DunkContestMcDonald'sAll-AmericanGame ::PastSlamDunkContestwinnersatWikipedia ^"Archivedcopy".Archivedfromtheoriginalon20May2012.Retrieved1June2012.CS1maint:archivedcopyastitle(link)ArticleatGirlsHoops.comabouttheLadiesbeingdeniedparticipationinthe'07Contest. ^[3]ESPN.comarticleaboutBritneyGrinermissing'09Contest ^[4]Resultsof2012Contest. ^[5]Reviewof2012Contest. ^"HeShoots,HeScores;SheShoots,SheScores.'SlamDunk'TermsResound"[permanentdeadlink].VoiceofAmericaNews.14March2007 Externallinks[edit] WikimediaCommonshasmediarelatedtoSlamdunk. LookupslamdunkinWiktionary,thefreedictionary. NBA.com:DestinationDunk HowToSlamDunk-TrainingOnIncreasingVerticalJumpToSlamDunk vteBasketballGeneraltopics FIBA Historyofbasketball ProtocolofStockholm JamesNaismith Variationsofbasketball Leagues Statistics Glossaryofterms Indexofarticles Rules Bonus Jumpball Officials Turnover Violation 3seconds Offense Defense 5seconds Timeline(8/10seconds) Basketinterference Carrying Doubledribble Goaltending Shotclock Traveling Foul Flagrant Personal Technical Gameplay Airball Alley-oop Assist Backboardshattering Ballhog Block Buzzerbeater Cherrypicking Dribble Crossover Dunk Eurostep Fadeaway Fastbreak Fly Flop Jumpshot Layup Fingerroll Fieldgoal Four-pointplay Freethrow Hookshot Moves Pickandroll Positions Posterized Playbook Rebound Point Screen Backscreen Slashing Steal Three-pointer Three-pointplay TrentTuckerRule Uncontestedshot StrategyGeneral Sixthman Offense Continuityoffense Flex Shuffle UCLAHighPost Wheel Dribbledrivemotion Fourcorners Motion Princeton Runandgun GrinnellSystem NellieBall Smallball Triangle Defense 1–2–1–1 1–3–1 2–3zone Amoeba Box-and-one Doubleteam Full-courtpress Hack-a-Shaq JordanRules Line Man-to-man Match-upzone Triangle-and-two Zone Equipment Backboard Ball Breakawayrim Court Halfcourt Key Net Possessionarrow Whistle Clothing Basketballsleeve Fingersleeve AirJordan ChuckTaylorAll-Stars Miscellaneous 100-pointscorers 50–40–90club AAUAll-Americans AAUchampions MikanDrill Playertracking Shootaround Tipdrill Winningstreaks Listoffilms Outlineofbasketball Authoritycontrol:Nationallibraries UnitedStates Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slam_dunk&oldid=1062555403" Categories:BasketballterminologyHiddencategories:CS1errors:missingtitleCS1errors:generictitleCS1maint:archivedcopyastitleAllarticleswithdeadexternallinksArticleswithdeadexternallinksfromJune2021ArticleswithpermanentlydeadexternallinksArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionmatchesWikidataUsedmydatesfromMarch2014WikipediaarticlesneedingclarificationfromAugust2021AllarticleswithunsourcedstatementsArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromJuly2017ArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromSeptember2014CommonscategorylinkfromWikidataArticleswithLCCNidentifiers Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk Variants expanded collapsed Views ReadEditViewhistory More expanded collapsed Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Inotherprojects WikimediaCommons Languages CatalàDeutschEspañolفارسیFrançais한국어ՀայերենHrvatskiBahasaIndonesiaItalianoLatviešuNederlands日本語NorskbokmålPolskiPortuguêsРусскийSicilianuSlovenščinaСрпски/srpskiSuomiУкраїнська粵語中文 Editlinks