US COVID-19 Shutdown Demonstrates Importance of ...
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Plain Language Summary Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from combustion are a major source of air pollution. Satellite observations of nitrogen ... Skiptomaincontent Home>USCOVID-19ShutdownDemonstratesImportanceofBackgroundNO2inInferringNOx... USCOVID-19ShutdownDemonstratesImportanceofBackgroundNO2inInferringNOx... Satellite,N.O.,Z.Qu,D.Jacob,R.F.Silvern,V.Shah,P.C.Campbell,L.C.Valin,andL.Murray(2021),USCOVID-19ShutdownDemonstratesImportanceofBackgroundNO2inInferringNOxEmissionsFrom,Geophys.Res.Lett..Abstract: Satellitenitrogendioxide(NO2)measurementsareusedextensivelytoinfernitrogenoxideemissionsandtheirtrends,butinterpretationcanbecomplicatedbybackgroundcontributionstotheNO2columnsensedfromspace.WeusethestepdecreaseofUSanthropogenicemissionsfromtheCOVID-19shutdowntocomparetheresponsesofNO2concentrationsobservedatsurfacenetworksitesandfromsatellites(OzoneMonitoringInstrument[OMI],TroposphericOzoneMonitoringInstrument[TROPOMI]).Aftercorrectingfordifferencesinmeteorology,surfaceNO2measurementsfor2020showdecreasesof20%inMarch–Apriland10%inMay–Augustcomparedto2019.ThesatellitesshowmuchweakerresponsesinMarch–JuneandnodecreaseinJuly–August,consistentwithalargebackgroundcontributiontotheNO2column.Inspectionofthelong-termOMItrendoverremoteUSregionsshowsarisingsummertimeNO2backgroundfrom2010to2019potentiallyattributabletowildfires.PlainLanguageSummaryNitrogenoxides(NOx)emittedfromcombustionareamajorsourceofairpollution.Satelliteobservationsofnitrogendioxide(NO2)havebeenusedtoinferNOxemissions,butthisinferenceiscomplicatedbyNO2presentinbackgroundair.Here,weshowthatthisNO2backgroundresultsinamutedresponseofthesatelliteobservationstotheabruptdropinNOxemissionsfromtheUSCOVID-19shutdown.TheNO2backgroundovertheUShasincreasedinthepastdecade,maskingtheeffectofemissiondecreases.UnderstandingthisbackgroundNO2anditsriseiscriticalfortheinterpretationofsatelliteobservations. ResearchProgram: AtmosphericCompositionModelingandAnalysisProgram(ACMAP)Mission: AuraScienceTeam NASAHome PageLastUpdated:July20,2021 PageEditor:DanielJacob NASAOfficial:BruceA.Tagg WebsiteIssues:ContactUs Budgets,StrategicPlansandAccountabilityReports EqualEmploymentOpportunityDataPostedPursuanttotheNoFearAct Information-DisseminationPoliciesandInventories FreedomofInformationAct PrivacyPolicy&ImportantNotices NASAAdvisoryCouncil InspectorGeneralHotline OfficeoftheInspectorGeneral NASACommunicationsPolicy ContactNASA SiteMap USA.gov OpenGovernmentatNASA
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