Strelitzia reginae Banks | Plants of the World Online

Strelitzia reginae is native to the southern and eastern parts of the Cape Province and northern Natal in South Africa. It has been introduced into parts of ... Skiptomaincontent PlantsoftheWorldOnline Onthispage Iconography/16x16/Arrow/Down/Black CreatedwithSketch. Descriptions Uses Images Distribution AcceptedInfraspecifics Synonyms CommonNames OtherData Bibliography Sources Descriptions AccordingtoKewSpeciesProfiles [KSP] KewSpeciesProfiles GeneralDescription Bird-of-paradiseflower,orcraneflowerasitissometimesknown,wasfirstintroducedintoBritainin1773byFrancisMasson.SirJosephBanksnamedtheexotic-lookingplantStrelitziainhonourofQueenCharlotte,wifeofGeorgeIIIandDuchessofMecklenburg-Strelitz,wholivedatKewformanyyears. SpeciesProfile Geographyanddistribution StrelitziareginaeisnativetothesouthernandeasternpartsoftheCapeProvinceandnorthernNatalinSouthAfrica.IthasbeenintroducedintopartsofcentralandtropicalSouthAmericaandiswidelycultivatedasanornamental.Description Overview:Reachingaheightof1.2m,Strelitziareginaeplantsconsistofclumpsofgreyish-greenleaves,withlongstalksandbroadovalblades,arisingfromanundergroundstem(rhizome). Flowers:Theplantgetsitscommonnamefromtheexoticappearanceoftheinflorescence(floweringhead).Emergingfromahorizontalgreenandpinkboat-shapedbract(aleaf-likestructure)inslowsuccession,theflowerslooklikethecrestonabird'shead. Eachflowercomprisesthree,upright,orangeoutertepalsandthree,highlymodified,vividblueinnertepals.Twooftheinnertepalsarejoinedtogetherinastructureresemblinganarrowheadwiththethirdtepalforminganectaryatthebaseoftheflower.Thestamenshavelongthinfilamentssurroundedbythearrowheadstructurewithwhitishanthersthatemergefromthetopofthearrowhead.Whenapollinator,usuallyabird,landsonthearrowheadinsearchofthecopiousnectar,theanthersareleveredclearoftheflowerandpollenisdepositedonthefeetorbreastofthepollinator,whichthencarriesthepollentoanotherflower. Fruits:Thefruitisaleatherycapsulecontainingnumeroussmallseeds,eachwithanorangearil(anoutgrowthfromtheseedsimilartotheredsheath(mace)aroundfreshnutmegseeds)andanoilbody,possiblyattractivetobirdswhichmayhelptodistributetheseeds.Uses Bird-of-paradiseflowerishighly-prizedandwidelycultivatedasanornamental.Theflowersaregoodforcuttingandmakeanexoticadditiontofloraldisplays.Individualflowerslastforaboutaweek,butasingleboat-shapedbractwillproduceseveralflowersinsuccession.Whennotinflower,theplantstillhasastrikingappearanceduetothelargeglaucousleaveswhichresemblethoseofbananaplants.MillenniumSeedBank:Seedstorage Kew'sMillenniumSeedBankPartnershipaimstosaveplantlifeworldwide,focusingonplantsunderthreatandthoseofmostuseinthefuture.Seedsaredried,packagedandstoredatasub-zerotemperatureinourseedbankvault. AcollectionofStrelitziareginaeseedsisheldinKew'sMillenniumSeedBankbasedatWakehurstinWestSussex. SeeKew'sSeedInformationDatabaseforfurtherinformationonStrelitziareginaeseedsCultivation InBritain,bird-of-paradiseflowercannotusuallybegrownoutsideasitrequiresaminimumtemperatureof10degreescelsius.Duringthewinter,theplantsshouldbekeptalmostdrybutinsummertheyneedplentyofwater.Asuitablecompostcanbemadefromonepartloam,oneandahalfpartscoir,onepartgritandonepartbark.Theplantsrequireregularfeeding.Floweringoccursinspringandearlysummerandcanbeencouragedbykeepingtheplantsslightlypot-bound. Hand-pollinationisnecessarytoproduceseeds,butthisseldomworks.Forgerminationandinitialgrowth,theseedsneedbottom-heatofatleast21degreescelsius.Somenewstocksofseed-raisedplantscanreachfloweringsizeintwotothreeyears,butindividualspecimensmaytakeuptotenyears.Duetothedifficultyofproducingseeds,Strelitziareginaeisusuallypropagatedbydividingtheplantsorusingsuckersproducedatthebase.Matureplantsshouldnotbere-pottedtoooften,asthefleshyrootscaneasilybedamagedbydisturbance.Bird-of-paradisefloweratKew StrelitziareginaeisgrowninthesouthblockoftheTemperateHouse(knownastheMexicanHouseuntil1977).ItwasthefirstplanttobereplacedinthenewlyrestoredTemperateHousein1979.GrownherearetypicalS.reginaewithsmalllanceolateleaf-blades(taperingatbothends);'KirstenboschGold',asuperbyellow-floweredform,aswellasS.juncea,aninterestingspecieswithreed-likeleavesfromalimitedareaontheeasternCapecoast. The'KirstenboschGold'plantswerepresentedtoKewin1991byKirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden,theleadingbotanicgardeninSouthAfrica,andfloweredforthefirsttimeatKewin1992.Since1880,similarformshavemadebriefappearancesincultivationand'Citrina'floweredintheMexicanHousein1914. OtherstrelitziasinthesameareaoftheTemperateHouseincludethe10mtallS.nicolai,namedaftertheRussianemperorNicholasI,withitsstrikingblueandwhiteflowers.AnativeofthecoastalregionsofNatal,easternCapeProvince,MozambiqueandBotswana,thisspecieswasfirstplantedinthisblockwhenitopenedin1899andwasreplacedwithanewspecimenwhentheHousewasrestored.AlsoondisplayistheveryrareS.alba,fromthesouthcoastofCapeProvince,withitsshowywhiteflowers. In1909,S.xkewensis,ahybridbetweenS.reginaeandS.alba,floweredatKewforthefirsttime,producingpalewateryyellowflowers.Unfortunatelyitnowseemstohavedisappearedfromcultivation. PreservedspecimensofS.reginaeareheld inKew'sHerbarium,wheretheyareavailabletoresearchersbyappointment.Thedetails,includingimages,ofsomepressedanddriedspecimenscanbeseenonlineintheHerbariumCatalogue. Distribution SouthAfrica Ecology Riverbanksandscrubclearingsincoastalareas. Conservation NotyetassessedaccordingtoIUCNRedListcriteria. Hazards Noneknown. AccordingtoCatálogodePlantasyLíquenesdeColombia [CPLC] Bernal,R.,Gradstein,S.R.&Celis,M.(eds.).2015.CatálogodeplantasylíquenesdeColombia.InstitutodeCienciasNaturales,UniversidadNacionaldeColombia,Bogotá.http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co Distribution CultivadaenColombia;Alt.0-2600m.;Andes,LlanuradelCaribe,ValledelCauca,ValledelMagdalena. Morphology General Habit Hierba Uses AccordingtoKewSpeciesProfiles [KSP] Use Ornamental. Images SP HC KSP LAA ColPlantA Distribution KBD FullDistributionListing Nativeto: CapeProvinces, KwaZulu-Natal Introducedinto: Bangladesh, Comoros, JuanFernándezIs., MexicoCentral, MexicoGulf, MexicoNortheast, MexicoSoutheast, MexicoSouthwest AcceptedInfraspecifics Includes2AcceptedInfraspecifics KB Strelitziareginaesubsp.mzimvubuensisvanJaarsv. Strelitziareginaesubsp.reginae Synonyms Has1Synonyms KB StrelitziaregalisSalisb. CommonNames KSP English Bird-of-paradiseflower OtherData StrelitziareginaeBanksappearsinotherKewresources: IPNI-TheInternationalPlantNamesIndex HerbariumCatalogue(1records) Date Reference IdentifiedAs Barcode TypeStatus Dumas[s.n.] K000308004 Bibliography Sort Alphabetically Newestfirst Oldestfirst FirstpublishedinIcon.:t.Strelitziareginae(1788) Acceptedby Ahmed,Z.U.(ed.)(2008).EncyclopediaofFloraandFaunaofBangladesh12:1-505.AsiaticSocietyofBangladesh. Albano,P.-O.(2003).LaConaissancedesPlantesExotiques:1-324.Édisud,Aix-en-Provence. Govaerts,R.(2004).WorldChecklistofMonocotyledonsDatabaseinACCESS:1-54382.TheBoardofTrusteesoftheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew. Literature CatálogodePlantasyLíquenesdeColombia ColPlantA(2021)."ColPlantA.FacilitatedbytheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew.PublishedontheInternet;http://www.colplanta.org/" KewSpeciesProfiles Beckett,K.A.(1987). TheRHSEncyclopaediaofHousePlants.CenturyHutchinson. Dyer,R.A.(1975).Thestatusof Strelitziajuncea. Bothalia11(4):519-520. Everard,B.&Morley,B.(1970). WildFlowersoftheWorld.PeerageBooks. Foster,R.(1983). TheGardener'sGuidetoRare,ExoticandDifficultPlants.DavidandCharles. Heywood,V.H.(1978). FloweringPlantsoftheWorld.OxfordUniversityPress,Oxford. Huxley,A.,Griffiths,M.&Levy,M.(eds)(1992). TheNewRoyalHorticulturalSocietyDictionaryofGardening.Vol.4(RtoZ):386-387.MacmillanPress,London. Moore,H.E.&Hyypio,P.A.(1970).Somecommentson Strelitzia(Strelitziaceae). Baileya17(2):64-74. Perry,F.&Greenwood,L.(1987). FlowersoftheWorld.SpringBooks. VandeVenter,H.A.,Small,J.G.C.&Roberts,P.J.(1975).Notesonthedistributionandcomparativeleafmorphologyoftheacaulescentspeciesof StrelitziaAit.. JournalofSouthAfricanBotany41(1):1-16. KewBackboneDistributions Ahmed,Z.U.(ed.)(2008).EncyclopediaofFloraandFaunaofBangladesh12:1-505.AsiaticSocietyofBangladesh. Barthelat,F.(2019).LafloreillustréedeMayotte:1-687.Biotopeéditions. Sources ArtandIllustrationsinDigifolia DigitalImage©BoardofTrustees,RBGKew CatálogodePlantasyLíquenesdeColombia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 ColombianresourcesforPlantsmadeAccessible http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ HerbariumCatalogueSpecimens DigitalImage©BoardofTrustees,RBGKewhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ KewBackboneDistributions TheInternationalPlantNamesIndexandWorldChecklistofSelectedPlantFamilies2022.PublishedontheInternetathttp://www.ipni.organdhttp://apps.kew.org/wcsp/ ©Copyright2017WorldChecklistofSelectedPlantFamilies.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 KewNamesandTaxonomicBackbone TheInternationalPlantNamesIndexandWorldChecklistofSelectedPlantFamilies2022.PublishedontheInternetathttp://www.ipni.organdhttp://apps.kew.org/wcsp/ ©Copyright2017InternationalPlantNamesIndexandWorldChecklistofSelectedPlantFamilies.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 KewSciencePhotographs DigitalImage©BoardofTrustees,RBGKewhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ KewSpeciesProfiles KewSpeciesProfiles http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0