APA 7th Referencing: Getting Started in APA 7th - Library ...

APA 7th is an 'author/date' system, so your in-text references for all formats (book, journal article, web document) consists of the ... Skiptomaincontent VUHome LibraryGuides LibraryGuides LibraryLibraryGuidesAPA7thReferencingGettingStartedinAPA7th SearchthisGuide Search APA7thReferencing:GettingStartedinAPA7th HomeGettingStartedinAPA7thAPA7thReferenceFormatsandExamplesToggleDropdownJournalArticlesBooksNewspapersReports&GreyLiteratureConferenceMaterialsDatasets,Software&TestsAudiovisualWorksCourseNotesorCoursePresentationsSocialMediaWebpagesLegislation&CasesPersonalCommunicationsStandards&PatentsThesesSampleReferenceListQuizSummaryof6thto7thednchanges Onthispage APAreferencing:thebasics(video) In-textreferencing WhatisaDOI? TheReferenceList ParaphrasinginAPA7th Direct quotesinAPA7th Citingtablesandfigures SecondarySources Usefullibraryresources WhatisaDOI? ADOI,ordigitalobjectidentifier,isaunique,permanentidentificationnumberthatwilltakeyoustraighttoadocumentnomatterwhereitislocatedontheInternet.YoucanfindoutmoreaboutDOIsinthe 7theditionofthePublicationManualoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation (pp.298–300).DOIsfigureprominentlyintheAPA7theditionreferencing style,andwhereabook,journal,reportor otherpublicationhasaDOI,itmustbeincludedinthereference. DOIsmustalwaysbepresentedintheformathttps://doi.org/xxxxxx,fore.g.https://doi.org/10.7748/phc.2016.e1162.  Itisalsoacceptabletousehttp://doi.org/xxxxxx(ratherthanhttps). However,iftheitemyouarereferencinghasaDOIinaformatotherthanthese,itwillneedtobechangedtotheaboveformat. Itisagoodideatocheckthatthelinkworkscorrectlybeforesubmitting. NotethataDOIwillusuallylinktoarecordonapublisher'swebsite,andmaynotalwaysincludefulltext,eventhoughtheLibrarymayhavefulltextaccess.It'salwaysworthwhilecheckingtheLibrarycatalogueordatabases&e-journalspagetoseeiffulltextisavailable. UsefulLibraryresources PublicationManualoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationbyAmericanPsychologicalAssociationISBN:9781433832161PublicationDate:2020 ISBN:9780230272316 TheCompleteGuidetoReferencingandAvoidingPlagiarismbyColinNevilleISBN:9780335241040PublicationDate:2010 APAreferencing:thebasics APAreferencing:thebasicsfromVictoriaUniversityLibraryonVimeo. Selectthe'cc'onthevideototurnon/off thecaptions. In-textreferencing APA7thisan'author/date'system,soyourin-textreferencesforallformats(book,journalarticle,webdocument)consistsoftheauthor(s)surnameandyearofpublication. Thebasicsofanin-textreferenceinAPA: Includeauthororauthorsandyearofpublication. Useroundbrackets. Example:(Smith&Bruce,2018) Ifyouquotedirectlyfromanauthoryouneedtoincludethepageorparagraphnumberofthequoteinyourin-textreference.Seethe'Quotes'sectionbelowformoreadviceonaddingquotesintoyourwork. Includeauthororauthors, yearofpublicationandpageorparagraphnumberofyourquote. Useroundbrackets. Example:(Smith&Bruce,2018,pp.25-26) TheReferenceList Allin-textreferencesshouldbelistedinthereferencelistattheendofyourdocument.Thepurposeofthereferencelistentryistocontainalltheinformationthatareaderofyourworkneedstofollow-uponyoursources.Animportantprincipleinreferencingistobeconsistent. WhencompilingyourAPAReferenceList,youshould: Listreferencesonanewpagewithacentredheadingtitled:References. Includeallyourreferences,regardlessofformat,e.g.books,journalarticles,onlinesources,inonealphabeticallistingfromA-Z. Orderentriesalphabeticallybysurnameofauthor(s). Listworkswithnoauthorunderthefirstsignificantwordofthetitle. Indentsecondandsubsequentlinesofeachentry(5-7spaces). Usedoublespacing. NotethatallreferencesinAPAendwithafullstopexceptwhenthereferenceendswithaURLoraDOI. Journalarticle Abasic referencelistentryforajournalarticleinAPAmustinclude: Authororauthors.Thesurname is followedbyfirstinitials. Yearof publicationofthearticle(inroundbrackets). Articletitle. Journaltitle(initalics). Volumeofjournal(initalics). Issueofjournal(noitalics). Pagerangeofarticle. DOI (presentedasahyperlink,forexamplehttps://doi.org/xxxxx). Thefirstlineofeach citationisleftadjusted.Everysubsequentlineisindented 5-7spaces. Example:  Ruxton,C.(2016).Tea:Hydrationandotherhealthbenefits.PrimaryHealthCare,26(8),34-42. https://doi.org/10.7748/phc.2016.e1162 Book Abasic referencelistentryforabookfromalibrarydatabaseinAPAmustinclude: Authororauthors.Thesurname is followedbyfirstinitials. Yearof publicationofthebook (inroundbrackets). Booktitle(initalics). Edition(inroundbrackets),ifotherthanfirstedition. Publisher. DOI(whereabookhasaDOIthismustbeincluded,evenifyouarereferringtoaprintbook). Thefirstlineofeach citationisleftadjusted.Everysubsequentlineisindented 5-7spaces. Example:Arnott,G.D.(2017).Thedisabilitysupportworker(2nded.).CengageLearning.  ParaphrasinginAPA7th Paraphrasingiswhenyouaresummarisingthewordsorexpressingtheideasoftheauthor(s)inyourownwords.Whenparaphrasingyoumustacknowledgetheoriginalsourceinthetextofyourwriting.Includetheauthor'ssurnameandyearofpublicationinroundbrackets,orifincludingtheauthor(s)nameanywhereinthesentence,placetheyearofpublicationinroundbracketsnexttotheauthor'sname. (Leskowitz,2017) OR Leskowitz(2017) Whenparaphrasingthereismorethanonewaytoplacethecitationwithinyourtext. Citationatthebeginning Leskowitz(2017)describesthetranscendentstatesthatathletesexperience… Citationinthemiddle …sportviewedasaspiritualpath(Leskowitz,2017),andonethatisfrequentlyfollowedinthewest. Citationattheend …athletesusingtechniquesadaptedfromholisticandcomplementarymedicine(Leskowitz,2017). Differentreferencingmethodsmayhighlighttheimportanceoftheauthor,orgivemoreweightingtotheinformation. Author-prominentcitations Inhisresearch,Leskowitz(2017)exploresmindfulness,biofeedback… Information-prominentcitations …applyingup-to-the-minuteadvancesinholisticandcomplementarymedicine(Leskowitz,2017). Includingpagenumbersinaparaphrasecitation AlthoughAPA7thdoesnotrequirepagenumberswhenparaphrasinganother'swork,youmaychoosetoincludepagenumbersparticularlywhendealingwithalengthyorcomplexdocument. Anumberofholisticpracticesanddispositionscanbeappliedwhentrainingorcoachingathletestoincreasethelikelihoodofathletesgettinginto'theZone'(Leskowitz,2017,p.324). DirectquotesinAPA7th Fordirectquotesoflessthan40words,incorporatethemintothetextandenclosethequotewithdoublequotationmarks,e.g. Narrativequote(wheretheauthorsarenamedinyoursentence): Webber(2018)concludesthat“addressingtheissueofschooldropoutnotonlyaffectstheeducationsystem,butmayalsoserveasapreventioneffortforthewelfare,mentalhealth,andcorrectionssystems”(p.82). Parentheticalquote(wherethecitationdetailsarepresentedinparenthesesfollowingthequote): "Addressingtheissueofschooldropoutnotonlyaffectstheeducationsystem,butmayalsoserveasapreventioneffortforthewelfare,mentalhealth,andcorrectionssystems"(Webber,2018,p.82). Fordirectquotesof40ormorewordsstartonanewlineandindentthewholeblock~1cmfromtheleft,donotaddanyadditionalspacebeforeorafterthequote.Theentirequoteshouldbedouble-spaced.Quotationmarksarenotrequirede.g.:    Othershavecontradictedthisview,suggesting: Theseoverloadissuescanreachacrossthelifespanandaffectindividualsinmanyways.Asrelatedissuescontinuetoemerge,counselorswillneedtobeawareofpotentialmentalhealthproblemsstemmingfromtechnologyoverloadandcontinuetoresearchanddeveloptheskillsneededforeffectiveinterventions.Inthedigitalage,thesecapabilitieswillbecrucialinhelpingclientsregainandmaintainahealthybalanceoflife,work,andtechnology.(Scottetal., 2017,p.605) *NOTE:Useparagraphnumbersifnopagenumbersareavailable.  Ellipses'…'andQuotes Itiscommonwhenwritingtouseanellipsis(3fullstopsinarow'…')toindicatewherewordshavebeenomittedfromasentence.ThisisnotpermittedinquotesinAPA: 'Regardlessofquotationlength,donotinsertanellipsisatthebeginningand/orendofaquotationunlesstheoriginalsourceincludesan ellipsis"(APA,2020,p.271). ThisGuidemakesuseofellipsesinsomeparaphrasingexamplesduetolimitedspace.Toavoidconfusionwehaveremovedthemfromallquoteexamples. Citingtablesandfigures Figures includegraphs,charts,maps,drawingsandphotographs. Tablesarenumericalvaluesortextdisplayedinrowsandcolumns. Includingfiguresortablesinyourwork Whenincludingfiguresortablesinyourwork,pleasenote: Allfiguresandtablesmustbereferredtointhemainbodyofthetext. Numberallfiguresandtablesintheordertheyfirstappearinthetext. Refertotheminthetextbytheirnumber.Forexample: AsshowninTable4... OR AsillustratedinFigure3... Exampleofanin-textFigure Eachfigureshouldbeaccompaniedby aconcisetitlethatprovidesabriefbutclearexplanationofitscontents,thisispresenteddirectlybelowthefigurenumberandabovethefigureitself.ThetitleisgiveninTitleCaseanditalics. Figure3 FigureorTableTitle Whenreproducingafigureortablefromanothersourceyoumustalsoincludeanattribution(CreativeCommonsorcopyright),presentedinaNotedirectlybelowthefigure/table. Theattributionwillfollowanyexplanatorynotesrequiredforthefigure. AnattributionforafigurereproducedfromanOpenAccessjournalarticlewithaCreativeCommonslicencemustinclude: 'From'whenreprintingthefigureor'Adaptedfrom'whenadapting Titleofarticle,inTitleCaseanddoublequotationmarks"" byAuthor(s).Thefirstinitial(s)followedbythesurname Yearofpublication Journaltitle,inTitleCaseanditalics Volume(initalics)andissuenumberin(roundbrackets) Pagenumberoforiginalfigure.(WheretherearenopagenumbersuseSectionheadingsandparagraphnumbers) DOIorURL,in(roundbrackets) CreativeCommonslicence Example: Note. (A)ExpressionRecognition&(B)ExpressionDetection(A=Anger;D=Disgust;F=Fear;H=Happy;Su.=Surprise;Sa.=Sad).(C)FullconfusionmatricesunderlyingperformanceateacheccentricityfortheEmotionRecognitionTask(rows=expressionpresented;columns=responsechosen).From"IdentifyingandDetectingFacialExpressionsofEmotioninPeripheralVision,"byF.W.SmithandS. Rossit,2018, PloS ONE, 13(5),Resultssection,Figure1(https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197160).CCBY. IMPORTANT:IfafigureisnotOpenAccessorCreativeCommons,you mayneedtoobtainwrittenpermissionfromthecopyrightholdertoreproduceoradaptafigureortable.ThecopyrightpermissionstatementshouldbeincludedattheendoftheNote.SeetheAPAPublicationManualpp.389-391foradviceoncopyrightpermissionstatements. Youmustalsolistthefigure inyourReferencelist.Notice thattheorderofthecitationelementsandcapitalisation differsslightlyinthefigurenotecomparedtothereferencelist: Smith,F.W.,&Rossit,S.(2018).Identifyinganddetectingfacialexpressionsofemotioninperipheralvision.PLoSONE,13(5),Articlee0197160.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197160 Discussionofafigureinanothersource Followadiscussionofafigureviewedinanothersource(butnotreproduced) withanin-textcitationforthepublishedsource.Includethefigurenumberasitappearsinthepublishedsource.Citethesourceinfullinyourreferencelist: Onanalysing therecognitionofdifferentfacialexpressions atdifferentdegreesofeccentricity,SmithandRossit(2018,Resultssection,Figure1)found… ReferenceList: Smith,F.W.,&Rossit,S.(2018).Identifyinganddetectingfacialexpressionsofemotioninperipheralvision.PLoSONE,13(5),Articlee0197160.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197160 Secondarysources APAdiscouragestheuseofsecondarysourcesunlesstheoriginalworkisunavailable.Ifyoureadanarticleorbookwhichreferencessomeinformationthatyoualsowanttoreferenceandyouhavebeenunabletolocatetheoriginalsource,citethesourceyouhavereadintheReferencelist;intext,nametheoriginalworkandgivethecitationforthesourcewhereyoufoundtheinformation. Wheretheyearofpublicationfortheoriginalworkisknown,includeit.Forexample: SuereadsanarticlebyChrisBrownintheJournalofLibraryAdministrationinwhichhecitesorreferstostatementsmadebyUlrichBoserinhis2017book‘LearnBetter’.SuewantstorefertoBoser’sstatementinherassignment. SuewouldacknowledgeBoserinhertextbutherreferenceistothesourcewhereshesawtheinformation.Suemightwriteasherin-textreference: ...(Boser,2017,ascitedinBrown,2018)             OR  Boser (2017,ascitedinBrown,2018)states... InherreferencelistSuewouldwriteareferenceforBrown'sarticlebecausethat'swhereshesourcedtheinformation.TheentryinherReferenceswouldbe: Brown,C.(2018).Creatingbetterlearnersthroughlearningscience:Asampleofmethods.JournalofLibraryAdministration,58(4),375- 381.https://doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2018.1448652 <> Copyright©2015CRICOSProviderNo.00124K(Melbourne)and CRICOSProviderNo.02475D(Sydney). RTOCode:3113.