APA referencing 7th edition - Subject & Study Guides
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In this guide, the word figure refers to all images including, Drawings, Charts, Diagrams, Graphs, Maps, Images in publications, etc. If you are referencing a ...
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APAreferencing7thedition
AguidetoAPAreferencing(7thedition).APAstandsforAmericanPsychologicalAssociation
IntroductionIn-textCitationsUsingAPAReferencingBooksReferencingWebpagesReferencingJournalArticlesReferencingMagazinesorNewspapersReferencingReportsReferencingConferencePapers&PostersReferencingAudio-VisualWorksReferencingMusic&PodcastsReferencingFigures(Graphs,drawings,mapsetc.)ReferencingTablesReferencingArtWorks,PhotographsorClipArtReferencingLegalmaterialReferencingHealthmaterialReferencingOthermaterialMissingdetails?StillusingAPA6thedition?Clickhere!
Figures
Figures
Inthisguide,thewordfigurereferstoallimagesincluding,Drawings,Charts,Diagrams,Graphs,Maps,Imagesinpublications, etc.
Ifyouarereferencinga Table,pleaseseetheReferencingTablestab.
Ifyouarereferencinga VisualWork (e.g.aphotograph,painting,clipart),pleaseseetheReferencingVisualWorkstab.
Forspecificguidanceonhowtoreference DynamicMaps(e.g.GoogleMaps,GISmaps(e.g.AucklandCouncilGeoMaps)seethespecificexamplesbelow.
Forhowtohandlemultipleauthors,see'ReferencingBooks'.
Theadvicebelowisforassignments. Ifyouarecompletingthesesorotherpublishedworks,pleaseseethesectionatthebottomofthispage.
Figure youarereproducingoradaptingfromelsewhere andinsertingintoyourassignment
Thebasicformatis:
Figure(no.)
Titleoffigure
(Thefigure)
Note: Explanationstosupplementorclarifyinformationinthefigure. Thismayincludeexplanationsofunitsofmeasurement,symbols,abbreviations,shading,colour,etc. From(informationfortypeofsource),Copyrightyearbythenameofthecopyrightholder.
(Foradaptedfigures,itshouldbe"Adaptedfrom(informationfortypeofsource)")
(Note:ifnofurtherexplanationisrequired,thissectioncanbeomitted.)
Fromabookore-book
Figure1
LifeexpectancyacrosstimeinPacificnations
Note: Lifeexpectancychange1950-2040acrossvariousPacificnations.From AgingandeconomicgrowthinthePacificregion (2nded.,p.13),byA.Kohsaka,Routledge.Copyright2013byAkiraKohsaka.
ReferenceList
Kohsaka,A.(2013). AgingandeconomicgrowthinthePacificregion.Routledge.
In-textcitation
AsexplainedinFigure1, OR LifeexpectancyinthePacifichasgoneup(Figure1).
Fromajournalarticle
Figure2
MajorwetlandsinNewZealandterritorialareas
Note: MapofNewZealandshowingbordersofRegionalCouncilsandUnitaryAuthoritiestogetherwithmajorwetlands. Demonstrateshighprevalenceofwetlandsinsomeareasthatothers.From"WetlandmanagementinNewZealand:Arecurrentapproachesandpoliciessustainingwetlandecosystemsinagriculturallandscapes?",byS.C.Myers,B.R.Clarkson,P.N.Reeves&B.D.Clarkson,2013, EcologicalEngineering,56(7),p.113(https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.12.097).Copyright2013byElsevier.
ReferenceList
Myers,S.C.,Clarkson,B.R.,Reeves,P.N.,&Clarkson,B.D.(2013). WetlandmanagementinNewZealand:Arecurrentapproachesandpoliciessustainingwetlandecosystemsinagriculturallandscapes? EcologicalEngineering,56(7), 107-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.12.097
In-textcitation
AsshowninFigure2, OR ThereisasignificantgroupofwetlandsinNorthland (Figure2).
(Ifreferencingadynamicmap(e.g.GoogleMaps,GISmaps),seebelow.
Fromawebsite
Figure3
Adepictionofartificialintelligence
Note: Illustrationshowinghowcodecangetintothemindsofpeopleandactasthem.From Benefitsandrisksofartificialintelligence, byFutureofLifeInstitute,n.d.(https://futureoflife.org/background/benefits-risks-of-artificial-intelligence/?cn-reloaded=1).CopyrightbyFutureofLifeInstitute.
(Inthiscase,thewebsiteisbyacorporateauthorandhasnopublicationdateorcopyrightdate.)
ReferenceList
FutureofLifeInstitute.(n.d.). Benefitsandrisksofartificialintelligence.
https://futureoflife.org/background/benefits-risks-of-artificial-intelligence/
In-textcitation
AsshowninFigure3, OR ArtificialIntelligenceisawayintothehuman'smind(Figure3).
Referencing aDynamicMap(e.g.aGoogleMaporaGISmap(e.g.AucklandCouncilGeoMaps))?
Dynamicmapsareinteractivemapswhereyoucanalterwhatyouseeaccordingtothedatathatyouinput. ExamplesareGoogleMapsandGISmaps.
1)FollowthebasicFigurepatternasabovefor"FromaWebsite"
2)Choosethecorrectoptionfrombelow.
GoogleMaps,AppleMapsorsimilar
ReferenceList
Google.(n.d.).[DrivingdirectionsfromUnitecMtAlbertcampustoUnitecWaitakerecampus].RetrievedNovember5,2020from https://bit.ly/3oQDUTx
In-textcitation
AsshowninFigure4.... orittakesabout12minutestodrivetotheUnitecWaitakerecampus(Figure4).
(GoogleMapshavenodate,sousen.d. Theyalsohavenotitlesodescribethemapyouhavegeneratedandputitinrectangularbrackets. AsGoogleMapsisadynamicmapwebsite,includeaRetrievaldate.)
GISMaps(e.g.AucklandCouncilGeoMaps)
ReferenceList
AucklandCouncil.(2016).AucklandUnitaryPlanoperativeinpartplanningmaps(15November2016). RetrievedNovember11,2020from https://unitaryplanmaps.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/upviewer/
In-textcitation
AsshowninFigure5.... theUnitaryPlanhasvariousbuildingzones (Figure5).
Referencing aFigure thatyouhavenotinsertedintoyourassignment?
Ifyouarereferringtoanimageorgraphthatyouarehavenotreproducedinyourassignmentdoyourin-textcitationasperthesourceoftheimageorgraphyouareusing(e.g.book,journalarticle,webpage). (Note:ifyoucanreplicatethefigureinyourassignment,youshould)
e.g.(foranonlinee-book)
In-textcitation
...agreatrepresentationofFengShuiasshowninthebathroomatthecountryestateStAnne'sCourt(Skinner,2004,p.87).
ReferenceList
Skinner,S.(2004). FengShuistyle:TheAsianartofgraciousliving.PeriplusEditions.
InsertingFigures intoathesisorpublishedpublication?
Ifyouareinsertingafigure intoathesisorpublishedpublication,youneedtogetpermissiontousethatimageorgraph. Onceyouhavethatpermission,youcanaddtotheendofthe Note: beneathyourfigure:ReprintedwithpermissionORAdaptedwithpermission. Alternatively,ifyouareusingaCreativeCommonsimage,insertthedetailsoftherelevantlicense.
Thingstoremember
Authors'names:AuthorsnamesshouldalwaysbeSurname,Initial.Initial. e.g.Smith,L.M.
Multipleauthors:Thesamerulesapplyasforbooks.
Italics:
Forabookonlythebooktitleshouldbeinitalics
Forajournalonlythejournaltitleandthevolumenumbershouldbeinintalics
Forawebpagethereshouldbenoitalicsused
Capitalization:
Forabook:Thefirstletterofthefirst wordofatitleshouldbecapitalizedasshouldthefirstletterofthefirstwordofanysubtitle. Everythingelseshouldbeinlowercaseunlessitisapropernounoranabbreviationthatisalwayswrittenincapitals.
Forajournal:Foranarticletitle,thefirstletterofthefirst wordofatitleshouldbecapitalizedasshouldthefirstletterofthefirstwordofanysubtitle. Everythingelseinthearticletitleshouldbeinlowercaseunlessitisapropernounoranabbreviationthatisalwayswrittenincapitals.Forajournaltitle,allmajorwordsneedtobecapitalized.
Forawebpage:Thefirstletterofthefirst wordofatitleshouldbecapitalizedasshouldthefirstletterofthefirstwordofanysubtitle. Everythingelseshouldbeinlowercaseunlessitisapropernounoranabbreviationthatisalwayswrittenincapitals.
SplittingaURL:IfyourURLneedstobesplitdonotinsertahyphen.BreaktheURLbeforeapunctuationmark. DonotaddafullstopattheendofURLasthismayappeartobepartoftheURLandcauseretrievalproblems.
SecondarySources:Youcanonlyreferenceinformationthatyouhaveactuallyseen. Ifthatbookorjournalarticlequotesanotherpieceofworkwhichyoualsowanttoquote,youneedtocitetheinformationasasecondarycitation.
ForexampleyoureadabookbySandvoss,inwhichhequotesTaylor"IanTaylor'sinfluentialanalysis(1971)inwhichheidentifieshooliganismasaresponsetosocialcontrol..."
IfyouhavenotreadtheitembyTayloryouwouldreferencetheSandvossbook.
Sandvoss,C.(2003).Agameoftwohalves:Football,televisionandglobalization.London:Routledge.
Intextcitation(ascitedinSandvoss,2003,p.2)
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