Kelly McGonigal - Wikipedia

Kelly McGonigal (born October 21, 1977) is a health psychologist and lecturer at Stanford University who is known for her work in the field of 'science ... KellyMcGonigal FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Americanpsychologist KellyMcGonigal(bornOctober21,1977)isahealthpsychologistandlectureratStanfordUniversitywhoisknownforherworkinthefieldof'sciencehelp'whichfocusesontranslatinginsightsfrompsychologyandneuroscienceintopracticalstrategiesthatsupporthealthandwell-being.[1]Mainstreammediaarticlesaboutinner-conflict-relatedaspectsofmodernlifestylesregularlyquoteher.Alongtimeadvocateofself-compassionandmindfulnessasstress-copingstrategies,McGonigalhaslatelyalteredherfocusontheproblematicaspectsofstress;inatalkattheTEDGlobal2013,sheemphasizedtheimportanceofanindividual'ssubjectivebeliefinthemselvesassomeonewhoisabletocopesuccessfullyasbeingacrucialfactorintheiractualresponsetostress. Contents 1Backgroundandcareer 1.1Advocacy 2Willpower 3Stressasafriend 4Books 5References 6Externallinks Backgroundandcareer[edit] McGonigal,whoistheidenticaltwinofgamedesignerJaneMcGonigal,wasbroughtupinNewJerseybypublicschoolteacherparentswhoemphasizedintellectualattainment.[2]Althoughsheisnowgratefulfortheirprotectiveness,McGonigalsaysitseemedlike"lockdown"atthetime,shedescribesherupbringingas"bothgoodandstressful". ShereceivedaB.A.inpsychologyandaB.S.inmasscommunicationatBostonUniversity,andherPh.D.atStanfordUniversity,wheresheisalecturerinpsychologyandteachingapubliccourseonwillpower.[3] Advocacy[edit] Apractitionerofmeditation,McGonigalwasthechiefeditorofpeer-reviewedjournaltheInternationalJournalofYogaTherapyfrom2005to2012andadvocatedyogaandsimilarmindfulnesspracticesasawaytore-chargeanddirectattentionandmentalresourcessoastoachievedesiredoutcomes.Therationalewasbasedonstudiesontheeffectofmeditationonthebrain,andtheEgodepletionmodel,alsocalledthe'strength'theoryofself-control,proposedbyateamledbyRoyBaumeister.McGonigal'ssimplesummaryofthe'strength'theoryofself-control:"Self-controlislikeamuscle.Whenused,itgetstired".[4]Asawriterandresearcheronself-control,McGonigalhasfrequentlybeencitedforherviewsonhowwillpowercanbebuiltupanddirected.[5][6][7][8][9][10]Havingemphasizedtheroleofmeditationpracticesforfightingstresstoenablebetterfunctioninginchallengingcircumstances,McGonigalalteredherstandpointsomewhatin2013,andnowemphasizestheattitudetakentostressasthecrucialfactor.[11] Willpower[edit] McGonigaldefineswillpoweras"theabilitytodowhatyoureallywanttodowhenpartofyoureallydoesn'twanttodoit",andsaysthathumansexperienceconflictsbetweenimpulseandself-controlinpersonalandsocialcontexts,givingexamplessuchas:cravingforsweetfoods,theurgetobesarcasticorcomplaining,andthedesiretoprocrastinate.[12]: 14 Humanshaveevolvedadaptationstocontroltheirinstinctsandsuccessfullyresistimpulsivedrives,becauselivingingroupsrequiresself-controlandthis—McGonigalsays—meanstakingtheharderoption.[12]: 10–11 AccordingtoMcGonigal,willpowerfailureorsuccesscanspreadthroughagroup,becausehumanstendtomirrorthebehaviorofthosetheyaresociallyconnectedwith.[12]: 189  Thepartoftheselfthatenablesustoactinawaythatisconsistentwithourlong-termgoalsisbasedintheprefrontalcortex,andMcGonigaladvocatesbody-mindpracticesthatshesaysprioritizethefunctionoftheprefrontalcortex,ratherthanpartsofthebrainthatareorientatedtowardinstantresponses,whichisthebrain'sdefaultsettingwhenunderstress.[12]: 34 [13] AccordingtoMcGonigal,thepracticeofmeditationisaneffectivewaytoestablishtheprimacyoftheprefrontalcortex,thusenablingachoicetodotheharderthing,whenthatisrequiredforattainingalong-termgoal.[12]: 24 McGonigalbelievesexercisingself-controlcanhelpbuildupwillpowerinthesamewayas,overtime,physicalexercisingcanincreasecapacitytoexercise.Shesays:"Ifyoudoitwithawarenessandintention,itcanmakeyoustronger.Thestrengthdevelopsovertime,evenifyoufeeltemporarilyweaker.ButIthinkthisonlyworkswhenyouhavethismindset,andfeellikeyouareconsciouslychoosingto"use"yourwillpower.Ifyoufeellikeyouarebeingdrainedbyeverythingyou"have"todo(ornotdo),thatlackofautonomyisevenmorestressfulthanexercisingself-control."[14]ThepromiseofhappinessfromcravingsoftenmisleadsinMcGonigal'sview,andshegivestechniquesofmindfullyfocusingattentionontheactualexperiencewhenindulgingacravingortemptation,soastocompareitwiththeexpectationofrewardthatprecededit.[12]: 128–129  OneuseofwillpowerthatMcGonigalseesascounterproductiveisthoughtsuppression,ortryingnotthinkabouttemptations(suchascravings).McGonigalbelievesthoughtsbecomemoreintrusivethroughthoughtsuppression,anditisbesttosimplyregisterthatanunwantedthoughthasoccurredwithoutbelievinginitoractingonit.[12]: 234 Energytopursueactivitiesislessscarcethantoresistingtemptation,saysMcGonigal,suggestingthatpeoplegivetheirbrainshealthy"wants"suchasvegetablesorawalkafterlunch,sothatweightlossbecomesaby-productofchoice.[15] Learningtobeafriendandmentortoourselvesratherthanequatingself-controlwithself-criticismistheattitudethatsheadvocates.[12]: 151 [16] Stressasafriend[edit] InatalkgivenatTEDGlobal2013thathasmorethan20milliononlineviewsontheTEDwebsite,McGonigalsaidshehadre-evaluatedherideasaboutstressinthelightofnewresearchonhowthebeliefsheldaboutstress,suchasthinkingofstressasbad,canaffecthealth.Citingastudysuggestingthatthosewhobelievestressisbadforthemsufferanadverseeffectontheirlifeexpectancy,shenowemphasizesthatchoosingtoviewone'sstressresponseashelpfulcreatesthe"biologyofcourage",whileconnectingwithothersunderstresscancreateresilience.[17][18]AccordingtoMcGonigal,"[t]heoldunderstandingofstressasanunhelpfulrelicofouranimalinstinctsisbeingreplacedbytheunderstandingthatstressactuallymakesussociallysmart–it'swhatallowsustobefullyhuman.".[19]ThethesisbehindtheTEDtalkandbookhavesubsequentlybeenfoundbysome([20])aspossiblyflawed. Books[edit] YogaforPainRelief:SimplePracticestoCalmYourMindandHealYourChronicPain(2009,ISBN 978-1572246898) TheWillpowerInstinct:HowSelf-ControlWorks,WhyItMatters,andWhatYouCanDotoGetMoreofIt(2012,ISBN 978-1583335086) TheNeuroscienceofChange:ACompassion-BasedProgramforPersonalTransformation(2012,ISBN 978-1604077902) TheUpsideofStress:WhyStressIsGoodforYou,andHowtoGetGoodatIt(2015,ISBN 978-1583335611) TheJoyofMovement:HowExerciseHelpsUsFindHappiness,Hope,Connection,andCourage(2019,ISBN 9780525534105) References[edit] ^"ABOUT".KellyMcGonigal. ^ELLEMagazine,June22,2011SupergirlArchived2014-06-18attheWaybackMachine ^"KellyMcGonigal'swebsiteAbout".ArchivedfromtheoriginalonApril16,2014. ^Watson,D.L.,Self-DirectedBehavior:Self-ModificationforPersonalAdjustment,10thed.(2013)CengageLearning,page4 ^NewYorkTimes,January6,2012,AttheTable|Candle79,YouSayYouMadeaResolution ^washingtonpost.comliveQandA,July24,2007,DebtandStress,KellyMcGonigal ^MississippiBusinessJournalblogSeptember4,2013 ^Molbray.Scot,HuffingtonPost,10/12/13Whoisthinandwhy ^Mundahl,Steven,TheAlchemyofAuthenticLeadership(2013)BalboaPress,page42 ^NBCTodayshow'Willpower'iskeytokeepNewYearresolutions ^HuffpostLifestyle,JanBruce,09/30/2013Stressisgood ^abcdefghMcGonigal,Kelly(2012).MaximumWillpower:Howtomasterthenewscienceofself-control.Macmillan.p. 288.ISBN 978-0230761551. ^ReviveYourNewYear'sResolutions.ParadeMagazineFebruary19,2012 ^KellyMcGonigal'scommentonTheWillpowerInstinctArchived2014-04-16attheWaybackMachine ^LosAngelesTimes,April05,2014,LilyDayton,Sprinklingofwillpower ^"KellyMcGonigalwebsite:TheWillpowerInstinct".ArchivedfromtheoriginalonApril16,2014. ^June11,2013,TEDBlog,Theupsideofstress:KellyMcGonigalatTEDGlobal2013 ^KristenShorten,news.com.ua,October2,2013,Killerorsaviour?Whyeverythingwethinkaboutstressiswrong ^"TEDGlobal2013,Speakers". ^"MINDReviews"TheUpsideofStress"-ScientificAmerican". Externallinks[edit] WhereScienceandCompassionMeetWebsiteofKellyMcGonigal. HowtomakestressyourfriendKellyMcGonigaltalkatTEDGlobal2013 MINDReviews"TheUpsideofStress"-ScientificAmericanMINDReviews"TheUpsideofStress"(ScientificAmerican). 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