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APA Citation Examples: Books · Reference List: Authors' Last name, First Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. (Edition) [if other than the 1st] ...
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TableofContents
APACitationExamples:
Books
Articles
Images
IQPs & MQPs
Patents
MoreExamples
ExamplesonthispagewereupdatedonMarch11,2020toreflectchangesinthe7thEditionoftheAPAManualofStyle.
APACitationExamples:Books
BasicFormatforaBook:
ReferenceList:Authors' Lastname,FirstInitial.(Year).Booktitle:Subtitle.(Edition)[ifotherthanthe1st].Publisher.
In-text:(Author,Year)
~BookwithOne Author:
ReferenceList: Brader,T.(2006).Campaigningforheartsandminds:Howemotionalappealsinpoliticaladswork.UniversityofChicagoPress.
In-text:(Brader,2006)
~BookwithTwo Authors:
ReferenceList: Miller,T.E., &Schuh,J.H.(2005).Promotingreasonableexpectations:Aligningstudentandinstitutionalviewsofthecollegeexperience.Jossey-Bass.
In-text: (Miller &Schuh,2005)
*formorethantwoauthors(3ormore),listonlythefirstauthor’snamefollowedby“etal.”ineverycitation,eventhefirst,unlessdoingsowouldcreateambiguitybetweendifferentsources.Example:(Kernisetal.,1993)
BasicformatforaneBook:
ReferenceList: Author'sLastname, FirstInitial.(Year). Booktitle[formatofbook].Publisher.URL
In-text: (Author,Year)
~Example:
ReferenceList: Brock,J.,&Arciuli,J.(2014). Communicationinautism[eBookedition]. JohnBenjaminsPublishingCompany. https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezpxy-web-p-u01.wpi.edu/lib/wpi/detail.action?docID=1813195
In-text: (Brock&Arciuli,2014)
APACitationExamples:Articles
BasicFormatforaPrintArticle:
Lastname,FirstInitial.(Year,Month Day).Articletitle. Magazine/Journal/NewspaperTitle, Volumenumber(Issuenumber),Pagenumbers oftheentirearticle.
~MagazineArticle:
White,C.(2006,April).Thespiritofdisobedience:Aninvitationtoresistance.Harper'sMagazine,312(1871),31-40.
~JournalArticle:
Newman,J.L.,Fuqua,D.R.,Gray,E.A.,&Simpson,D.B.(2006).Genderdifferencesintherelationshipofangeranddepressioninaclinicalsample. JournalofCounseling&Development, 84,157-161.
~NewspaperArticle:
Zernike,K.(2015,October25).WhiteHousemovestolimitschooltesting. NewYorkTimes,p.A1.
Note:Fornewspaperarticles, p.orpp.precedespagenumbersforanewspaperreferenceinAPAstyle.Singlepagestakep.,e.g.,p.B2;multiplepagestakepp.,e.g.,pp.B2,B4orpp.C1,C3-C4.
BasicFormatforanOnlineArticle:
Author’sLastName,FirstInitial.(Year).Articletitle.Magazine/Journal/NewspaperTitle,Volumenumber(Issuenumber),Pagenumbers.doiorURLofpublication homepage
~OnlineJournalArticlewithDOIAssigned:
BasicFormat:
Author,A.A.,&Author,B.B.(Year).Titleofarticle. TitleofJournal,volumenumber(issuenumber), pagerange.doi:0000000/000000000000orhttp://dx.doi.org/10.0000/0000
Example:
Denhart,H.(2008).Deconstructingbarriers:Perceptionsofstudentslabeledwithlearningdisabilitiesinhighereducation. JournalofLearningDisabilities, 41(6),483-497. doi: 10.1177/0022219408321151
~OnlineJournalArticlewithnoDOIAssigned:
BasicFormat:
Author,A.A.,&Author,B.B.(Year).Titleofarticle. TitleofJournal, volumenumber(issuenumber). http://www.journalhomepage.com/full/url/
Example:
vonBusch,O.,&Palmas,K.(2016).Designingconsent:Candesignthinkingmanufacturedemocraticcapitalism? OrganizationalAesthetics,5(2),10-24.http://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/oa/.
~NewspaperArticleFoundonaNewspaper'sWebsite:
BasicFormat:
Author,A.A.(Year,MonthDay).Titleofarticle.TitleofNewspaper.
http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/
Example:
Zernike,K.(2016,February 29).Testingforjoyandgrit?Schoolsnationwidepushtomeasurestudents’emotionalskills. TheNewYorkTimes.http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/01/us/testing-for-joy-and-grit-schools-nationwide-push-to-measure-students-emotional-skills.html?_r=0
APACitationExamples:Images
BasicFormatforcitinganimageintheReferenceList:
Lastname,Firstinitial.(Yearimagewascreated). Titleofwork [Typeofwork]. URL
Note:Ifyoucanonlyfindthescreennameofanauthor,usethatastheauthor'sname.Maintaintheformattingofthescreen name.Forexample,ifascreennameisinalllowercase,keepthenameinlowercaseinyourcitations.Ifthereisnotitle,createyourowntitlethatdescribesthecontentoftheimage.
ExampleofaReferenceListcitationforanimage:
Sipler,D.(2005). Naptime[Photograph].Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/photofarmer/284159867/in/set-72157594353612286
FormattingFiguresinYourPaper:
Eachimageinyourpapershouldhaveafigurenumber,atitle,andacaption.Thecaptionshoulddescribetheimage,provideacitationfortheimage,andprovidecopyrightinformation.Forexample:
Figure1
TwoCatsResting
Note.Thisphotoshowstwoorangecatsrestinginthe"loaf"position.From Naptime[Photograph],byD.Sipler,2005,Flickr(https://www.flickr.com/photos/photofarmer/284159867/in/set-72157594353612286). CCBY2.0.
Ifyouhavetakenthephotoorcreatedtheimage, youdonotneedtociteitorprovidecopyrightinformationforit.Youwillstillneedtolabelthepicturewithafigurenumberandtitle,andyouwillneedto provideacaptionwithinformationonwhattheimageshows.
FormoreinformationonformattingtablesandfiguresinyourAPAstylepaper,see:
APAStyleGuide:TablesandFigures
APAStyleGuide:ClipArtorStockImageReferences
NavigatingCopyrightforReproducedImages
Ifyoudidnotcreatetheimage,youneedtoprovideacopyrightstatementforthatimage.TheAPAStyleBlogtakesyouthroughthefourstepsofnavigatingcopyrightforreproducedimages:
Understandthecopyrightstatusoftheimage.
Determinewhetherpermissionisneededtoreproducetheimage.
Securepermissiontoreproducetheimage,ifpermissionisneeded.
WritetheAPAStylecopyrightstatementandreferencelistentryfortheimage.
Formoreinformationoncopyrightandfindingsafetoreuseimages,seethelibrary'sCopyrightGuide.
APACitationExamples:Theses&Dissertations;IQPs&MQPs
Theses&Dissertations
Format
AuthorLastName,FirstInitials. (Year).Titleofdissertationorthesis(PublicationNo.)[Doctoraldissertationormaster’s thesis,NameofInstitutionAwardingDegree].DatabaseName.URL,ifavailable
Example:
Cooper,B.S.(2018). Interactiveplanningandsensingforaircraftinuncertainenvironmentswithspatiotemporallyevolving threats(PublicationNo.etd-042219-162643) [Doctoraldissertation,WorcesterPolytechnicInstitute].Digital
WPI. https://digital.wpi.edu/show/8p58pg31m
IQPs &MQPs
Format:
Author LastName,FirstInitials. (Year). TitleofIQPorMQP [Undergraduate interactivequalifyingprojectorUndergraduate majorqualifyingproject,NameofInstitutionAwardingDegree].DatabaseName.URL
Example:
Frey,J.P.,Kendrick,R.,Lowell,J.M.,&Rothermel,J.M.(2006). Energy
profilingforoff-gridenergization solutionsinNamibia [Undergraduate
interactivequalifyingproject,WorcesterPolytechnicInstitute].DigitalWPI. https://digital.wpi.edu/show/bg257f381
APACitationExamples:Patents
ReferenceListFormat:
Inventor,A.A.(Yearpatentissued).Titleofpatent(U.S.PatentNo.###).U.S.PatentandTrademarkOffice.URL
ReferenceListExample:
Bell,A.G.(1876).Improvementintelegraphy. (U.S.PatentNo.174,465).U.S.PatentandTrademarkOffice. https://patents.google.com/patent/US174465A/en
In-TextCitationFormat:
Intext,citethepatentidentifierandtheyear.
In-TextCitationExample:
(U.S.PatentNo.174,465,1876)
MoreExamplesofAPACitations
ElectronicSources(OWL,7thed.)
Includesinformationoncitingonlinejournalarticles,newspaperarticles,e-books,theses/dissertations,datasets,andmore.
CitingImages(APAStyleBlog7thed.)
ThispagegivesthespecialrequirementsforusingclipartandstockimagesinAPAStylepapers.
HowtoCiteData(USC)
Figurecaptions(GeorgeWashingtonUniversity)
ISOStandards
ThispagecontainsreferenceexamplesforISOstandards,includingstandardsfromISOandOSHA.
LegalReferences(OWL-7thed.)
ThisresourcelistssomeofthecommonlegalreferencesAPAusersmightneedintheirwork,suchascourtdecisions,andstateandfederalstatutes.
PatentReferencesandCitations(U.ofMaryland)
FacebookReferences
ThispagecontainsreferenceexamplesforFacebook,includingpostsandpages.
TwitterReferences
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