Citing Sources in APA Style 7th edition: In-Text Citations

Whenever you use someone else's ideas in your own work, whether it be a direct quote or paraphrase, you must cite that source in your text. SkiptoMainContent RESEARCH GUIDES ONE SEARCH ASK A LIBRARIAN ABOUT SERVICES LIBRARY CATALOG SPECIAL COLLECTIONS YOUR ACCOUNT EdgewoodCollegeLibraryCitingSourcesinAPAStyle7theditionIn-TextCitations EnterSearchWords Search CitingSourcesinAPAStyle7thedition:In-TextCitations HowtocitesourcesusingAPAstyle7thedition. HomeIn-TextCitationsQuotationsReferencesPage In-TextCitations(alsocalledParentheticalReferences) Wheneveryouusesomeoneelse'sideasinyourownwork,whetheritbeadirectquoteorparaphrase,youmustcitethatsourceinyourtext.Thein-textcitationshouldincludetheauthorslastname,andyearpublished,andshouldcorrespondwithanentryinyourreferenceslist. Falselybalancednewscoveragecandistortthepublic'sperceptionofexpertconsensusonanissue(Koehler,2016). Koehler(2016)notedthedangersoffalselybalancednewscoverage. WhentoIncludePageNumbers Ifyourpaperhasadirectquotation,youmustalsoincludeapagenumberwherethequotationcanbefound(seetheQuotationspage). Althoughitisnotrequiredtoprovideapagenumberforaparaphrase,youmayincludeonewhenitwouldhelpthereaderlocatetherelevantpassageinalongorcomplexwork.   Specificexamplesfromasource Ifthepassageinyourpaperreferstoaquote,statistic,chart,orsimilarspecificexamplefromasource,indicatethepage(orparagraph,webpagesection,chapter,figure,etc.)wheretheexampleisfound. (Armstrong,2015,p.172).   or Armstrong(2015)foundawiderangeofcommunicationpreferencesamongvariousagegroups(p.172). Non-pageexamples (Shadid,2020,para.8) (CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,2019,VaccineBenefitssection) (Kovacic&Horvat,2017,Table1)   Oneauthor Thispointhasalreadybeenargued(Tannen,2012).  or  Tannen (2012)hasarguedthispoint...   Twoauthors (Salas&D'Agostino,2018) or  SalasandD'Agostino(2018)observedthesameresults.   Threeormoreauthors Usethefirstauthorandetal. (Martinetal.,2013) or  ThestudybyMartinetal.(2013)foundthat....   Groupauthors (StanfordUniversity,2016) Groupauthorwithabbreviation Firstcitation:(NationalInstituteofMentalHealth[NIMH],2020) Subsequentcitations:(NIMH,2020)   Workswithoutauthors Usethetitleandtheyearofpublication. Ifthetitleisitalicizedinthereferencelist,alsoitalicizeitinthein-textcitation.Ifthetitleisnotitalicizedinthereferencelist,usedoublequotationmarksaroundthetitle. Bookwithnoauthor: (InterpersonalSkills,2019) Magazinearticlewithnoauthor: ("UnderstandingSensoryMemory,"2018)   Workswithoutadate Ifthepublicationdateofaworkusunknownorcannotbedetermined,use"n.d."(whichstandsfor"nodate"). (Gagnon,n.d.) or AsimilartheorywasdevelopedbyGagnon(n.d.).   Differentworkswiththesameauthoranddate Includealowercaseletteraftertheyear(inboththein-textcitationandthereferenceentries). (Judge&Kammeyer-Mueller,2012a) (Judge&Kammeyer-Mueller,2012b)   Citingmultipleworks Whencitingmultipleworksparenthetically,placethecitationsinalphabeticalorder,separatingthemwithsemicolons. (Adamsetal.,2019;Shumway&Shulman,2015)   Citingasecondarysource Ifpossible,findtheoriginalsource,andcitethatdirectly.Iftheoriginalsourceisunavailable,provideareferenceentryforthesecondarysourceyouused. Inthein-textcitation,identifytheprimarysourceandthenwrite"ascitedin"andthesecondarysourceyouused. (Rabbitt,1982,ascitedinLyonetal.,2014).   Personalcommunication(inperson&electronic) Givetheinitial(s)andlastnameofthecommunicator,thewords"personalcommunication",andanexactdateaspossible. (T.Nguyen,personalcommunication,August8,2019)   or T.Nguyenindicatedthat...(personalcommunication,August8,2019). Donotincludepersonalcommunicationinthereferenceslist. <> About LibraryHours LibraryStaffDirectory LibraryNews LibraryBuildingMap CheckoutPolicies Donations RecommendaPurchase LibraryResources YourLibraryAccount StudyRooms OscarExpress(I.L.L.) SpecialCollections AskaLibrarian Research BasicResearchHelp ResearchGuides A-ZResourceList FindaJournal CitingSources RefWorks FacultySupport FacultyResources CourseReserves LibraryInstructionServices LibrarianLiaisons RecommendaPurchase EdgewoodResources EdgewoodExpress Printing TechnologySupport WritingCenter LearningLab FollowUs Instagram Twitter Facebook RSS:Librarynews WebsitePrivacyStatement OscarRennebohmLibrary959EdgewoodCollegeDrive-Madison,WI53711608-663-3300